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τῆς σοφίας

  • 1 Η περιέργεια είναι η αρχή της σοφίας

    • Любопытство – начало мудрости
    Источник: Собрание пословиц на greek-language.ru, 2012

    Ελληνικές παροιμίες και ρήσεις (Греческие пословицы и поговорки) > Η περιέργεια είναι η αρχή της σοφίας

  • 2 λόγος

    λόγος, ου, ὁ (verbal noun of λέγω in the sense ‘pick’; Hom.+).
    ① a communication whereby the mind finds expression, word
    ⓐ of utterance, chiefly oral.
    α. as expression, word (oratorical ability plus exceptional performance were distinguishing marks in Hellenic society, hence the frequent association of λ. and ἔργον ‘deed’; a sim. formulation as early as Il. 9, 443 μύθων τε ῥητῆρʼ ἔμεναι πρηκτῆρά τε ἔργων; Polystrat. p. 33 μὴ λόγῳ μόνον ἀλλʼ ἔργω; Just., A II, 4, 2 ἢ λόγῳ ἢ ἔργῳ and D. 35, 7 λόγον ἢ πρᾶξιν) δυνατὸς ἐν ἔργῳ κ. λόγῳ, i.e. an exceptional personage Lk 24:19; pl. of Moses Ac 7:22 (the contrast expressed w. a verb Choix 20, 6–8 ποιεῖ ἀγαθὸν ὄτι δύναται καὶ λόγῳ καὶ ἔργῳ of Apollordorus, a benefactor in Cyzicus, a flourishing city in Phrygia; sim. New Docs 7, 233, no. 10, 8f πολιτευόμενος … λόγῳ καὶ ἔργῳ; cp. IKourion 32, 8; without contrast Diod S 13, 101, 3 ἄνδρας λόγῳ δυνατούς; for sim. constructions using λέγω and πράσσω s. Danker, Benefactor 339–43). Cp. Ro 15:18; 2 Cor 10:11; Col 3:17; 2 Th 2:17; Hb 13:21 v.l.; 1J 3:18 (cp. Theognis 1, 87f Diehl3 μή μʼ ἔπεσιν μὲν στέργε κτλ.—For the contrast λόγῳ … ἀληθείᾳ cp. Diod S 13, 4, 1). In contrast to a sinful deed we also have the λόγος ἁμαρτίας sinful word Judaicon 172, 9. W. γνῶσις: ἐν παντὶ λόγῳ κ. πάσῃ γνώσει 1 Cor 1:5. ἰδιώτης τῷ λόγῳ, ἀλλʼ οὐ τῇ γνώσει 2 Cor 11:6. (Opp. δύναμις ‘revelation of power’) 1 Cor 4:19, 20. τὸ εὐαγγέλιον οὐκ ἐγενήθη ἐν λόγῳ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν δυνάμει 1 Th 1:5 (cp. Ar. 13, 7 of mythical accounts οὐδέν εἰσιν εἰ μὴ μόνον λόγοι ‘they’re nothing but words’). W. ἐπιστολή: 2 Th 2:2, 15. W. ἀναστροφή: 1 Ti 4:12; 1 Pt 3:1b. Opp. ‘be silent’: IRo 2:1.—μόνον εἰπὲ λόγῳ just say the word Mt 8:8; cp. Lk 7:7 (Ath. 17, 1 ὡς λόγῳ εἰπεῖν; 29, 2; Phalaris, Ep. 121, 1 λόγῳ λέγειν; cp. schol. on Pla. 341a ἐν λόγῳ μόνον εἰπεῖν). οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο ἀποκριθῆναι αὐτῷ λόγον no one was able to answer him a (single) word Mt 22:46; cp. 15:23 (cp. TestAbr A 16 p. 98, 11 [Stone p. 44] οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ λόγον).— The (mighty) word (of one who performs miracles) ἐξέβαλεν τὰ πνεύματα λόγῳ Mt 8:16 (a rare use of λ. as ‘single utterance’, s. L-S-J-M s.v. VII).—διὰ λόγου by word of mouth (opp. ‘by letter’) Ac 15:27.—In the textually uncertain pass. Ac 20:24 the text as it stands in N., οὐδενὸς λόγου (v.l. λόγον) ποιοῦμαι τὴν ψυχὴν τιμίαν, may well mean: I do not consider my life worth a single word (cp. λόγου ἄξιον [ἄξιος 1a] and our ‘worth mention’; s. Conzelmann ad loc.).
    β. The expression may take on a variety of formulations or topical nuances: what you say Mt 5:37; statement (PGM 4, 334) Lk 20:20; question (Sext. Emp., Math. 8, 295; 9, 133; Diog. L. 2, 116) ἐρωτήσω ὑμᾶς λόγον I will ask you a question (cp. TestJob 36:5; GrBar 5:1; ApcSed 13:6; Jos., Ant. 12, 99) Mt 21:24; cp. Mk 11:29; Lk 20:3; prayer (PGM 1, 25; 4, 90; 179; 230 al.; 5, 180; 196 al.) Mt 26:44; Mk 14:39. ἡγούμενος τοῦ λ. principal speaker Ac 14:12. W. epexeget. gen. λ. παρακλήσεως 13:15. W. κήρυγμα our manner of presentation and our proclamation 1 Cor 2:4a (but s. comm.). (W. διδασκαλία) preaching 1 Ti 5:17; prophecy (Biogr. p. 364 [Pythia]) J 2:22; 18:32. Command (Aeschyl., Pers. 363) Lk 4:36; 2 Pt 3:5, 7; via a letter 2 Th 3:14. Report, story (X., An. 1, 4, 7; Diod S 3, 40, 9; 19, 110, 1 λ. διαδιδόναι=spread a report; Appian, Iber. 80 §346, Maced. 4 §1 [both=rumor]; Diod S 32, 15, 3 ἦλθεν ὁ λ. ἐπί τινα=the report came to someone; Arrian, Anab. 7, 22, 1 λόγος λέγεται τοιόσδε=a story is told like this, Ind. 9, 2; Diod S 3, 18, 3 λ.=story, account; Jos., Ant. 19, 132; Tat. 27, 2 τοῦ καθʼ Ἡρακλέα λόγου) Mt 28:15; Mk 1:45; Lk 5:15 (λ. περί τινος as X., An. 6, 6, 13; Jos., Ant. 19, 127) 7:17; J 21:23. ἠκούσθη ὁ λόγος εἰς τὰ ὦτα τ. ἐκκλησίας the report came to the ears of the assembly in Jerusalem Ac 11:22. λόγον ἔχειν σοφίας have the appearance of wisdom, pass for wisdom Col 2:23 (cp. Pla., Epinomis 987b ἔχει λόγον; Demosth., C. Lept. 462 [20, 18] λόγον τινʼ ἔχον; but mng. 2f is possible). Proverb (Pla., Phdr. 17, 240c, Symp. 18, 195b, Gorg. 54, 499c, Leg. 6, 5, 757a; Socrat., Ep. 22, 1) J 4:37 (Ps.-Callisth. 1, 13, 7 ἀληθῶς ἐν τούτῳ ὁ λ. foll. by a proverb). Proclamation, instruction, teaching, message Lk 4:32; 10:39; J 4:41; 17:20; Ac 2:41; 4:4; 10:44; 20:7; 1 Cor 1:17; 2:1. In Ac18:15 ζητήματα περὶ λόγου καὶ ὀνομάτων καὶ νόμου the sense appears to be someth. like this: controversial issues involving disputes about words and your way of life with λ. prob. referring to the presentation of controversial subjects, which in turn arouses heated ζητήματα debates. λόγος σοφίας proclamation of wisdom, speaking wisely 1 Cor 12:8a (Ps.-Phoc. 129 τῆς θεοπνεύστου σοφίης λ.); corresp. λ. γνώσεως vs. 8b. Cp. 14:9; 15:2; 2 Cor 1:18; 6:7; 10:10. λ. μαρτυρίας word of witness Rv 12:11. ὁ κατὰ τ. διδαχὴν πιστὸς λ. the message of faith, corresponding to the teaching Tit 1:9; the opp. 2 Ti 2:17. A speech (Aristot. p. 14b, 2; Diod S 40, 5a) διὰ λόγου πολλοῦ in a long speech Ac 15:32; cp. 20:2. λ. κολακείας flattering speech 1 Th 2:5. Speaking gener. 2 Cor 8:7; Eph 6:19; Col 4:6; D 2:5. ἐν λόγῳ πταίειν make a mistake in what one says Js 3:2.—Of God’s word, command, commission (LXX; ParJer 5:19 κατηχῆσαι αὐτοὺς τὸν λόγον; SyrBar 13:2; ApcSed 14:10; Just., D. 84, 2; Ael. Aristid. hears a ἱερὸς λ. at night fr. a god: 28, 116 K.=49, p. 529 D.; Sextus 24) ἠκυρώσατε τ. λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ Mt 15:6 (v.l. νόμον, ἐντολήν); cp. Mk 7:13.—J 5:38; 8:55; 10:35; Ro 3:4 (Ps 50:6). Of God’s promise Ro 9:6, 9 (but these two vss., and Gal 5:14 below, prob. fit better under 2a), 28 (Is 10:22f). Cp. Hb 2:2; 4:2 (s. ἀκοή 4b); 7:28; 12:19. For B 15:1 see 1aδ. The whole law (as the expr. εἴ τι ἑτέρα ἐντολή indicates not limited to a narrow list of commandments), acc. to Ro 13:9. In what is prob. a play on words (s. 2a and b), Gal 5:14 (s. 2a below) is summed up in the λόγος as expressed in Lev 19:18.—That which God has created ἁγιάζεται διὰ λόγου θεοῦ 1 Ti 4:5; in line w. the context, this hardly refers to God’s creative word (so SibOr 3, 20; PtK 2; πάντα γὰρ λόγῳ ποιήσας ὁ θεός Theoph. Ant. 2, 18 [144, 8]), but to table prayers which use biblical expressions. The divine word as judge of thoughts Hb 4:12. τελεσθήσονται οἱ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ Ac 17:17; cp. 19:9.—Of the divine revelation through Christ and his messengers (Just., A I, 61, 9 λόγον … παρὰ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐμάθομεν τοῦτον) θεὸς ἐφανέρωσεν τὸν λ. αὐτοῦ ἐν κηρύγματι Tit 1:3. δέδωκα αὐτοῖς τὸν λ. σου J 17:14; cp. vss. 6, 17; 1J 1:10; 2:14. ἵνα μὴ ὁ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ βλασφημῆται Tit 2:5. The apostles and other preachers, w. ref. to the λόγος of God, are said to: λαλεῖν Ac 4:29, 31; 13:46; Phil 1:14; Hb 13:7; καταγγέλλειν Ac 13:5; 17:13; διδάσκειν 18:11; μαρτυρεῖν Rv 1:2. Of their hearers it is said: τὸν λ. τοῦ θεοῦ ἀκούειν Ac 13:7; δέχεσθαι 8:14; 11:1. Of the λ. τοῦ θεοῦ itself we read: ηὔξανεν Ac 6:7; 12:24; 19:20; οὐ δέδεται 2 Ti 2:9. In these places and many others ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ is simply the Christian message, the gospel: Lk 5:1; 8:11, 21; 11:28 (Simplicius in Epict. p. 1, 20 μὴ μόνον ἀκουόντων ἀλλὰ πασχόντων καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν λόγων=let the message have its effect on oneself); Ac 6:2 (s. καταλείπω 7c; for prob. commercial metaph. s. 2a below); 13:44 v.l. (for κυρίου); 16:32 v.l.; 1 Cor 14:36; 2 Cor 2:17; 4:2; Col 1:25; 1 Pt 1:23; Rv 1:9; 6:9; 20:4; IPhld 11:1. Cp. 1 Th 2:13ab; 1J 2:5.—Since this ‘divine word’ is brought to humanity through Christ, his word can be used in the same sense: ὁ λόγος μου J 5:24; cp. 8:31, 37, 43, 51f; 12:48; 14:23f; 15:3, 20b; Rv 3:8. ὁ λόγος τοῦ Χριστοῦ Col 3:16; cp. Hb 6:1. ὁ λ. τοῦ κυρίου Ac 8:25; 12:24 v.l.; 13:44, 48f; 14:25 v.l.; 15:35, 36; 16:32 (cp. λ. θεοῦ); 19:10; 1 Th 1:8; 2 Th 3:1. Pl. Mk 8:38 (Lk 9:26); 1 Ti 6:3; cp. Lk 24:44; s. also 1aδ.—Or it is called simply ὁ λόγος=the ‘Word’, for no misunderstanding would be possible among Christians: Mt 13:20–23; Mk 2:2; 4:14–20, 33; 8:32 (s. 1aε below); 16:20; Lk 1:2; 8:12f, 15; Ac 6:4; 8:4; 10:36 (on the syntax s. FNeirynck, ETL 60, ’84, 118–23); 11:19; 14:25 (cp. λ. κυρίου above); 16:6; 17:11; 18:5; Gal 6:6; Phil 1:14; Col 4:3; 1 Th 1:6; 2 Ti 4:2; Js 1:21ff; 1 Pt 2:8; 3:1; 1J 2:7; AcPl Ha 7, 6 (so also Mel., HE 4, 26, 13; Ath. 2, 3).—Somet. the ‘Word’ is more closely defined by a gen.: ὁ λ. τῆς βασιλείας the word of the reign/rule (of God) Mt 13:19. τῆς σωτηρίας Ac 13:26. τῆς καταλλαγῆς 2 Cor 5:19. τοῦ σταυροῦ 1 Cor 1:18. δικαιοσύνης (q.v. 3a) Hb 5:13. ζωῆς Phil 2:16. (τῆς) ἀληθείας (Theoph. Ant. 3, 4 [p. 212, 2]; cp. περὶ ἀληθείας Hippol., Ref. 10, 6, 1) Eph 1:13; Col 1:5; 2 Ti 2:15; Js 1:18; AcPl Ha 8, 8 (Just., D. 121, 2). τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ (=τοῦ κυρίου) Ac 14:3; 20:32. (Differently the pl. οἱ λόγοι τ. χάριτος gracious words Lk 4:22; cp. Marcellinus, Vi. Thu. 57 Hude λόγοι εἰρωνείας.) ὁ λ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου Ac 15:7; ὁ τοῦ Χριστιανισμοῦ λ. MPol 10:1. In Rv 3:10 the gospel is described by the ‘One who has the key of David’ as ὁ λ. τῆς ὑπομονῆς μου my word of endurance (W-S. §30, 12c). λ. τῶν ὑ[πο]μονῶν AcPl Ha 6, 11. παρελάβετε τὸν λ. ὅτι AcPl Ha 8, 25.—The pastoral letters favor the expr. πιστὸς ὁ λόγος (sc. ἐστίν, and s. πιστός 1b) 1 Ti 1:15; 3:1; 4:9; 2 Ti 2:11; Tit 3:8; cp. Rv 21:5; 22:6. λ. ὑγιής sound preaching Tit 2:8; cp. the pl. ὑγιαίνοντες λόγοι 2 Ti 1:13 (on medicinal use of words for the mind or soul s. VLeinieks, The City of Dionysos ’96, 115–22, on Eur.).—The pl. is also used gener. of Christian teachings, the words of the gospel Lk 1:4 (s. κατηχέω 2a); 1 Th 4:18. οἱ λ. τῆς πίστεως 1 Ti 4:6. On λόγοι κυριακοί for λόγια κυριακά in the title of the Papias document s. ἐξήγησις 2.—JSchniewind, Die Begriffe Wort und Evangelium bei Pls, diss. Bonn 1910; RAsting (εὐαγγέλιον, end).
    γ. of an individual declaration or remark: assertion, declaration, speech ἀκούσαντες τὸν λ. when they heard the statement Mt 15:12; cp. 19:11, 22; 22:15; Mk 5:36. διὰ τοῦτον τὸν λ. because of this statement of yours 7:29 (TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 29 [Stone p. 38] τὸν λ. τοῦτον; ApcMos 25 εἰς τὸν λόγον σου κρινῶ σε). Cp. 10:22; 12:13; Lk 1:29; 22:61 v.l. (for ῥήματος); J 4:39, 50; 6:60; 7:36, 40 v.l.; 15:20a; 18:9; 19:8; Ac 6:5; 7:29; 20:38; 22:22; 1 Th 4:15. ὸ̔ς ἐὰν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου whoever utters a (defamatory) word against the Son of Humanity Mt 12:32 (λ. εἰπεῖν κατά τινος as Jos., Ant. 15, 81); cp. Lk 12:10. λόγος σαπρός unwholesome talk Eph 4:29. λόγον ποιεῖσθαι make a speech Ac 11:2 D (cp. Hyperid. 3, 20; Jos., Ant. 11, 86).
    δ. the pl. (οἱ) λόγοι is used, on the one hand, of words uttered on various occasions, of speeches or instruction given here and there by humans or transcendent beings (TestAbr A 14 p. 94, 19 [Stone p. 36]; Jos., Ant. 4, 264; Just., D. 100, 3) ἐκ τῶν λόγων σου δικαιωθήσῃ (καταδικασθήσῃ) Mt 12:37ab; 24:35; Mk 13:31; Lk 21:33; Ac 2:40; 7:22 (ἐν λόγοις καὶ ἔργοις αὐτοῦ. On the word-deed pair cp. Dio Chrys. 4, 6 the λόγοι and ἔργα of Diogenes; s. α above). οἱ δέκα λόγοι the ten commandments (Ex 34:28; Dt 10:4; Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 168, Decal. 32; Jos., Ant. 3, 138; cp. 91f; Did., Gen. 36, 10) B 15:1. Ac 15:24; 20:35; 1 Cor 2:4b, 13; 14:19ab; κενοὶ λ. Eph 5:6; AcPl Ox 6, 13 (cp. Aa 1, 241, 14); Dg 8:2; πλαστοὶ λ. 2 Pt 2:3. λ. πονηροί 3J 10.—Also of words and exprs. that form a unity, whether it be connected discourse (Jos., Ant. 15, 126; Just., A II, 12, 6, D. 11, 5; 81, 3 al.), a conversation, or parts of one and the same teaching, or expositions on the same subject (Diod S 16, 2, 3 μετέσχε τῶν Πυθαγορίων λόγων; Dio Chrys. 37 [54], 1; Ael. Aristid. 50, 55 K.=26 p. 519 D.: οἱ Πλάτωνος λόγοι; PsSol 17:43 [words of the Messiah]; AscIs 3:12 οἱ λόγοι τοῦ Βελχειρά) πᾶς ὅστις ἀκούει μου τοὺς λόγους τούτους Mt 7:24; cp. vss. 26, 28; 10:14; 19:1; 26:1; Mk 10:24; Lk 1:20; 6:47; 9:28, 44. ἐπηρώτα αὐτὸν ἐν λόγοις ἱκανοῖς he questioned him at some length 23:9. τίνες οἱ λ. οὗτοι οὓς ἀντιβάλλετε; what is this conversation that you are holding? 24:17; J 7:40 (s. γ); 10:19; J 14:24a; 19:13; Ac 2:22; 5:5, 24; 16:36; 2 Ti 4:15; 1 Cl 13:1; 46:7. λόγοις φθοριμαίοις AcPlCor 1:2.
    ε. the subject under discussion, matter, thing gener. (Theognis 1055 Diehl; Hdt. 8, 65 μηδενὶ ἄλλῳ τὸν λόγον τοῦτον εἴπῃς. Cp. Hebr. דָּבָר) τὸν λ. ἐκράτησαν they took up the subject Mk 9:10; cp. Mt. 21:24 (s. 1aβ beg.). οὐκ ἔστιν σοι μερὶς ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ you have no share in this matter Ac 8:21. ἰδεῖν περὶ τ. λόγου τούτου look into this matter 15:6. ἔχειν πρός τινα λόγον have a complaint against someone (cp. Demosth. 35, 55 ἐμοὶ πρὸς τούτους ὁ λόγος; PIand 16, 3 δίκαιον λόγον ἔχει πρὸς σέ) 19:38. παρεκτὸς λόγου πορνείας Mt 5:32; 19:9 v.l. (2d is also prob.).—Perh. also Mk 8:32 he discussed the subject quite freely (but s. 1aβ above).
    ⓑ of literary or oratorical productions: of the separate books of a work (Hdt. 5, 36 ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ τ. λόγων; Pla., Parmen. 2, 127d ὁ πρῶτος λόγος; Philo, Omn. Prob. Lib. 1 ὁ μὲν πρότερος λόγος ἦν ἡμῖν, ὦ Θεόδοτε, περὶ τοῦ …) treatise Ac 1:1 (s. on the prologue to Ac: AHilgenfeld, ZWT 41, 1898, 619ff; AGercke, Her 29, 1894, 373ff; RLaqueur, Her 46, 1911, 161ff; Norden, Agn. Th. 311ff; JCreed, JTS 35, ’34, 176–82; Goodsp., Probs. 119–21). Παπίας … πέντε λόγους κυριακῶν λογίων ἔγραψεν Papias (11:1; cp. 3:1 e; 11:2; 12:2).—περὶ οὗ πολὺς ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος about this we have much to say Hb 5:11. Hb is described as ὁ λ. τῆς παρακλήσεως a word of exhortation (in literary form) 13:22. Of writings that are part of Holy Scripture ὁ λ. Ἠσαί̈ου J 12:38. ὁ λ. ὁ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ γεγραμμένος 15:25; ὁ προφητικὸς λ. 2 Pt 1:19; 2 Cl 11:2 (quot. of unknown orig.); AcPl Ha 8, 27/BMM recto 35 (Just., D. 77, 2 al.). ὁ ἅγιος λ. the holy word 1 Cl 56:3. ὁ λ. ὁ γεγραμμένος 1 Cor 15:54 (Is 25:8 and Hos 13:14 follow). Pl. οἱ λόγοι τ. προφητῶν Ac 15:15. ὡς γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ λόγων Ἠσαί̈ου Lk 3:4 (Pla., 7th Epistle 335a πείθεσθαι ἀεὶ χρὴ τοῖς παλαιοῖς καὶ ἱεροῖς λόγοις; TestJob 1:1 βίβλος λόγων Ἰώβ; ParJer 9:32 v.l. τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν λόγων Ἱερεμίου; ApcEsdr 1:1 καὶ ἀποκάλυψις τοῦ … Ἐσδράμ; ApcSed prol.; Just., D. 72, 3f).—Of the content of Rv: ὁ ἀναγινώσκων τ. λόγους τῆς προφητείας 1:3. οἱ λόγοι (τ. προφητείας) τ. βιβλίου τούτου 22:7, 9f, 18f.
    ② computation, reckoning
    ⓐ a formal accounting, esp. of one’s actions, and freq. with fig. extension of commercial terminology account, accounts, reckoning λόγον δοῦναι (Hdt. 8, 100; X., Cyr. 1, 4, 3; Diod S 3, 46, 4; SIG 1099, 16; BGU 164, 21; Jos., Ant. 16, 120; Just., D. 115, 6) give account, make an accounting ἕκαστος περὶ ἑαυτοῦ λόγον δώσει τ. θεῷ Ro 14:12. Also λ. ἀποδοῦναι abs. (Just., D. 116, 1 al.; Diod S 16, 56, 4; 19, 9, 4) Hb 13:17. τινί to someone (Diod S 16, 27, 4; Plut., Alcib. 7, 3; Chariton 7, 6, 2; SIG 631, 13 τᾷ πόλει; 2 Ch 34:28; Da 6:3 Theod.; Jos., Bell. 1, 209) τῷ ἑτοίμως ἔχοντι κρῖναι 1 Pt 4:5. τινὸς of someth. (SIG 1044, 46; 1105, 10 τοῦ ἀναλώματος; Jos., Ant. 19, 307) Lk 16:2 (here λ. w. the art.; on the subject of undergoing an audit cp. Aeschin. 3, 22). Likew. περί τινος (Diod S 18, 60, 2 δοὺς αὑτῷ περὶ τούτων λόγον=taking account [considering] with himself; BGU 98, 25 περὶ τούτου) Mt 12:36; Ac 19:40. ὑπέρ τινος concerning someone Hv 3, 9, 10.—αἰτεῖν τινα λόγον περί τινος call someone to account for someth. 1 Pt 3:15 (cp. Pla., Pol. 285e; Dio Chrys. 20 [37], 30; Apc4Esdr Fgm. b ἕκαστος ὑπὸ τοῦ οἰκείου ἔργου τὸν λόγον ἀπαιτηθήσεται; Just., A I, 17, 4. For another perspective s. d below.).—Of banking responsibility ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ (PStras 72, 10 [III A.D.] ὁ τῶν θεῶν λ.; PHerm 108 [III A.D.] λ. τοῦ Σαραπείου) in wordplay Ac 6:2 (w. τράπεζα q.v. 1c); s. also 1aβ.—Of a ledger heading (POxy 1333 [II/III A.D.] δὸς αὐτῳ λόγῳ θεωρικῶν=credit him under ‘festivals’; for others s. Preisig., Wörterbuch s.v. λ. 14; s. also Fachwörter 119) Ro 9:6 (the point is that God’s ‘list’ of Israelites is accurate; on ἐκπίπτω in the sense ‘is not deficient’ s. s.v. 4); vs. 9 (the ‘count’ is subsumed by metonymy in divine promise); Gal 5:14 (all moral obligations come under one ‘entry’: ‘you shall love your neighbor as yourself’; for commercial association of ἀναλίσκω vs. 15, which rounds out the wordplay, s. s.v.). The contexts of these three passages suggest strong probability for commercial associations; for another view s. 1aβ.
    ⓑ settlement (of an account) (εἰς λόγον commercial t.t. ‘in settlement of an account’ POxy 275, 19; 21) εἰς λόγον δόσεως κ. λήμψεως in settlement of a mutual account (lit., ‘of giving and receiving’, ‘of debit and credit’) Phil 4:15 (cp. Plut., Mor. 11b λόγον δοῦναι καὶ λαβεῖν; a parallel formulation POxy 1134,10 [421 A.D.] λ. λήμματος καὶ ἐξοδιασμοῦ=ledger of income and expenditures); for the linked accounting terms δόσις and λήμψις s. PCairMasp 151, 208 [VI A.D.]. The same ideas are in the background of εἰς λόγον ὑμῶν credited to your account vs 17.—συναίρειν λόγον settle accounts (BGU 775, 18f. The mid. in the same mng. PFay109, 6 [I A.D.]; POxy 113, 27f.—Dssm., LO 94 [LAE 118f]) μετά τινος Mt 18:23; 25:19.
    ⓒ reflection, respect, regard εἰς λόγον τινός with regard to, for the sake of (Thu. 3, 46, 4; Demosth. 19, 142 εἰς ἀρετῆς λόγον; Polyb. 11, 28, 8; Ath. 31, 1; Ael. Aristid. 39 p. 743 D.: εἰς δεινότητος λ.) εἰς λ. τιμῆς IPhld 11:2. εἰς λ. θεοῦ ISm 10:1.
    ⓓ reason for or cause of someth., reason, ground, motive (Just., D. 94, 3 δότε μοι λόγον, ὅτου χάριν … ; Ath. 30, 3 τὶς γὰρ … λόγος; Dio Chrys. 64 [14], 18 ἐκ τούτου τ. λόγου; Appian, Hann. 29 §126 τῷ αὐτῷ λόγῳ; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 28, 155) τίνι λόγω; for what reason? Ac 10:29 (cp. Pla., Gorg. 512c τίνι δικαίῳ λ.; Appian, Mithrid. 57 §232 τίνι λόγῳ;). λόγον περὶ τῆς ἐν ὑμῖν ἐλπίδος 1 Pt 3:15 (but s. a above); κατὰ λόγον Ac 18:14 (s. κατά B 5bβ). παρεκτὸς λόγου πορνείας Mt 5:32; 19:9 v.l. (though 1aε is also poss.).
    ⓔ πρὸς ὸ̔ν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος (ἐστίν) with whom we have to do (i.e. to reckon) (Dio Chrys. 31, 123; other exx. in FBleek, Hb II/1, 1836, 590ff), in his capacity as judge (Libanius, Legat. Ulixis [=Declamatio IV] 2 F. τοῖς δὲ ἀδίκως ἀποκτενοῦσι καὶ πρὸς θεοὺς καὶ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους ὁ λόγος γίγνεται) Hb 4:13. οὐ πρὸς σάρκα ὁ λόγος, ἀλλὰ πρὸς θεόν he has to do not with flesh, but with God IMg 3:2.
    ⓕ In Col 2:23 (s. 1aβ) λόγον μὲν ἔχοντα σοφίας may= make a case for wisdom (cp. λόγος ἡμῖν οὐδείς Plut., Mor. 870b).
    ③ the independent personified expression of God, the Logos. Our lit. shows traces of a way of thinking that was widespread in contemporary syncretism, as well as in Jewish wisdom lit. and Philo, the most prominent feature of which is the concept of the Logos, the independent, personified ‘Word’ (of God): GJs 11:2 (word of the angel to Mary) συνλήμψῃ ἐκ Λόγου αὐτοῦ (sc. τοῦ πάντων Δεσπότου). J 1:1abc, 14 (cp. Just., A I, 23, 2; Mel., P. 9, 61 and oft. by all apolog., exc.. Ar.). It is the distinctive teaching of the Fourth Gospel that this divine ‘Word’ took on human form in a historical person, that is, in Jesus (s. RSeeberg, Festgabe für AvHarnack ’21, 263–81.—Λόγος w. ζωή in gnostic speculation: Iren.1, 1, 1 [Harv. 1, 10, 4]; Aelian, VH 4, 20 ἐκάλουν τὸν Πρωταγόραν Λόγον. Similarly Favorinus [II A.D.]: Vorsokr. 80 A 1 ln. 22 [in Diog. L. 9, 50] of Democritus: ἐκαλεῖτο Σοφία. Equating a divinity with an abstraction that she personifies: Artem. 5, 18 φρόνησις εἶναι νομίζεται ἡ θεός [Athena]). Cp. 1J 1:1; Rv 19:13. εἷς θεός ἐστιν, ὁ φανερώσας ἑαυτὸν διὰ Ἰ. Χριστοῦ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ, ὅς ἐστιν αὐτοῦ λόγος, ἀπὸ σιγῆς προελθών there is one God, who has revealed himself through Jesus Christ his Son, who is his ‘Word’ proceeding from silence (i.e., without an oral pronouncement: in a transcendent manner) IMg 8:2 (s. σιγή). The Lord as νόμος κ. λόγος PtK 1. Cp. Dg 11:2, 3, 7, 8; 12:9.—HClavier, TManson memorial vol., ’59, 81–93: the Alexandrian eternal λόγος is also implied in Hb 4:12; 13:7.—S. also the ‘Comma Johanneum’ (to the bibliography in RGG3 I, ’54 [HGreeven] add AJülicher, GGA 1905, 930–35; AvHarnack, SBBerlAk 1915, 572f [=Studien I ’31, 151f]; MMeinertz, Einl. in d. NT4 ’33, 309–11; AGreiff, TQ 114, ’33, 465–80; CDodd, The Joh. Epistles ’46; WThiele, ZNW 50, ’59, 61–73) ὁ πατήρ, ὁ λόγος καὶ τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα 1J 5:7 v.l. (s. N. app.; Borger, TRu 52, ’87, 57f). (Such interpolations were not unheard of. According to Diog. L. 1, 48 some people maintain that Solon inserted the verse mentioning the Athenians after Il. 2, 557.—τῆς τριάδος, τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοῦ λόγου αὐτοῦ καὶ τῆς σοφίας αὐτοῦ Theoph. Ant. 2, 15 [p. 138, 19].)—On the Logos: EZeller, D. Philosophie der Griechen III 24 1903, 417–34; MHeinze, D. Lehre v. Logos in d. griech. Philosophie 1872; PWendland, Philo u. d. kynisch-stoische Diatribe (Beiträge z. Gesch. der griech. Philosophie u. Religion by Wendl. and OKern 1895, 1–75); AAall, Gesch. d. Logosidee 1896, 1899; MPohlenz, D. Stoa ’48f, I 482; 490 (index); LDürr, D. Wertung des göttl. Wortes im AT u. im ant. Orient ’38 (§9 of the Joh. Logos); EBréhier, Les idées philosophiques et religieuses de Philon d’Alexandrie 1907, 83–111; (2 ’25); JLebreton, Les théories du Logos au début de l’ère chrétienne 1907; ESchwartz, NGG 1908, 537–56; GVos, The Range of the Logos-Title in the Prologue of the Fourth Gospel: PTR 11, 1913, 365–419; 557–602; RHarris, The Origin of the Prologue to St. John’s Gospel 1917, Athena, Sophia and the Logos: BJRL 7, 1, 1922 p. 56–72; M-JLagrange, Vers le Logos de S. Jean: RB 32, 1923, 161–84, Le Logos de Philon: ibid. 321–71; HLeisegang, Logos: Pauly-W. XIII 1926, 1035–81; TGlasson, Heraclitus’ Alleged Logos Doctr., JTS 3, ’52, 231–38.—NWeinstein, Z. Genesis d. Agada 1901, 29–90; Billerb. II 302–33.—Rtzst., Zwei religionsgeschichtl. Fragen 1901, 47–132, Mysterienrel.3 1927, 428 index; WBousset, Kyrios Christos2 1921, 304ff; 316f; JKroll, D. Lehren d. Hermes Trismegistos1914, 418 index.—RBultmann, D. religionsgesch. Hintergrund des Prol. z. Joh.: HGunkel Festschr., 1923, II 1–26, Comm. ’41, 5ff; AAlexander, The Johannine Doctrine of the Logos: ET 36, 1925, 394–99; 467–72; (Rtzst. and) HSchaeder, Studien z. antiken Synkretismus 1926, 306–37; 350; GAvdBerghvanEysinga, In den beginne was de Logos: NThT 23, ’34, 105–23; JDillersberger, Das Wort von Logos ’35; RBury, The 4th Gosp. and the Logos-Doctrine ’40; EMay, CBQ 8, ’46, 438–47; GKnight, From Moses to Paul ’49, 120–29. TW IV 76–89; 126–40 (on this s. SLyonnet, Biblica 26, ’45, 126–31); CStange, ZST 21, ’50, 120–41; MBoismard, Le Prologue de St. Jean ’53; HLangkammer, BZ 9, ’65, 91–94; HRinggren, Word and Wisdom [hypostatization in Near East] ’47; WEltester, Haenchen Festschr., ’64, 109–34; HWeiss, Untersuchungen zur Kosmologie etc., TU 97, ’66, 216–82; MRissi, Die Logoslieder im Prolog des vierten Evangeliums, TZ 31, ’75, 321–36; HLausberg, NAWG, Ph. ’87, 1 pp. 1–7.—B. 1262. DELG s.v. λέγω B 1. M-M. EDNT. TW.

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  • 3 σοφία

    σοφία, ας, ἡ (s. σοφίζω, σοφός; Hom., Pre–Socr. et al.; LXX, TestSol; TestJob 37:6; Test12patr, JosAs; AscIs 3:23; AssMos Fgm. e; EpArist, Philo, Joseph., Just.,Tat., Ath.)
    ① the capacity to understand and function accordingly, wisdom.
    ⓐ natural wisdom that belongs to this world σοφία Αἰγυπτίων (Synes., Provid. 1, 1 p. 89a; Jos., Ant. 2, 286; cp. Tat. 31, 1 πάσης βαρβάρου σοφίας ἀρχηγόν [of Moses]) Ac 7:22 (on the subj. s. Philo, Vita Mos. 1, 20ff; Schürer II 350). In contrast to God’s wisdom and the wisdom that comes fr. God ἡ σοφία τῶν σοφῶν 1 Cor 1:19 (Is 29:14). ἡ σοφία τοῦ κόσμου (τούτου) vs. 20; 3:19. σοφία τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου 2:6b. ἀνθρωπίνη σοφία 2:13. ς. ἀνθρώπων vs. 5. Cp. 1:21b, 22; 2:1. σοφία λόγου cleverness in speaking 1:17. On ἐν πειθοῖς σοφίας λόγοις 2:4 see πειθός. σοφία σαρκική 2 Cor 1:12. ς. ἐπίγειος, ψυχική, δαιμονιώδης Js 3:15 (cp. ς. as ironical referent for dissident teaching: ἡ παμποίκιλος ς. [τῆς] Περατικῆς αἱρέσεως Hippol., Ref. 5, 17, 1).—An advantage that is given to certain persons (like strength and riches, Just., D. 102, 6) 1 Cl 13:1 (Jer 9:22); 32:4; 38:2. So perh. also 39:6 (Job 4:21); but s. bα.
    ⓑ transcendent wisdom
    α. wisdom that God imparts to those who are close to God. Solomon (3 Km 5:9; Pr 1:2; Jos., Ant. 8, 168 ς. τοῦ Σ; AssMos Fgm. e [Denis p. 65]; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 45, 9) Mt 12:42; Lk 11:31; Stephen Ac 6:10; Paul 2 Pt 3:15; Pol 3:2; to those believers who are called to account for their faith Lk 21:15. The gift of unveiling secrets (2 Km 14:20; Da 1:17; 2:30. Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 27, 1 ἡ σοφία is necessary for the proper use of the oracles) Ac 7:10; Rv 13:18; 17:9. τὸν δεσπότην τὸν δόντα μοι τὴν σοφίαν τοῦ γράψαι τὴν ἱστορίαν ταύτην the Lord, who gave me the wisdom to write this account GJs 25:1. Good judgment in the face of human and specif. Christian demands (practical) wisdom Ac 6:3; Col 4:5; Js 1:5; 3:13, 17 (for the view that ς. in Js 1:5; 3:17=πνεῦμα s. WBieder, TZ 5, ’49, 111). The apostle teaches people ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ Col 1:28, and Christians are to do the same among themselves 3:16 (ἐν πάσῃ ς. also Eph 1:8; Col 1:9).—W. φρόνησις (q.v. 2) Eph 1:8. W. ἀποκάλυψις vs. 17. W. σύνεσις (Jos., Ant. 8, 49): σοφία καὶ σύνεσις πνευματική Col 1:9. σοφία, σύνεσις, ἐπιστήμη, γνῶσις (cp. Philo, Gig. 27) B 2:3; 21:5. σοφία καὶ νοῦς τῶν κρυφίων αὐτοῦ wisdom and understanding of his (i.e. the Lord’s) secrets 6:10.—As a spiritual gift the λόγος σοφίας (cp. Just., D. 121, 2) stands beside the λόγος γνώσεως 1 Cor 12:8 (s. γνῶσις 1 and cp. Aesopica 213, 1 P.: Τύχη ἐχαρίσατο αὐτῷ λόγον σοφίας). Paul differentiates betw. his preaching to unbelievers and immature Christians and σοφίαν λαλεῖν ἐν τοῖς τελείοις 2:6a; the latter he also calls λαλεῖν θεοῦ σοφίαν ἐν μυστηρίῳ set forth the wisdom that comes fr. God as a mystery vs. 7 (WBaird, Interpretation 13, ’59, 425–32).—The false teachers of Colossae consider that their convictions are σοφία Col 2:23.—JdeFinance, La σοφία chez St. Paul: RSR 25, ’35, 385–417.
    β. wisdom of Christ and of God
    א. Christ: of Jesus as a boy (s. ἡλικία 1b) Lk 2:40, 52. Of him as an adult Mt 13:54; Mk 6:2. Of the exalted Christ ἐν ᾧ εἰσιν πάντες οἱ θησαυροὶ τῆς σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως Col 2:3.—Rv 5:12. By metonymy Χρ. Ἰ., ὸ̔ς ἐγενήθη σοφία ἡμῖν ἀπὸ θεοῦ Christ Jesus, who has become a source of wisdom from God for us 1 Cor 1:30. This last makes a transition to
    ב. wisdom of God (Diog. L. 1, 28 σοφίᾳ πρῶτον εἶναι τὸν θεόν; Theoph. Ant. I, 6 [p. 70, 18] ς. τοῦ θεοῦ): revealed in his creation and rule of the world 1 Cor 1:21a, or in the measures intended to bring salvation to the believers Ro 11:33 (here w. γνῶσις; cp. TestJob 37:6 of God’s depth of wisdom); Eph 3:10; Hv 1, 3, 4 (w. πρόνοια).—Rv 7:12; 1 Cl 18:6 (Ps 50:8); B 16:9 (cp. δικαίωμα 1). Christ is called θεοῦ σοφία the embodiment of the wisdom of God 1 Cor 1:24 (cp. א above; Just., D. 61, 3 ὁ λόγος τῆς σοφίας; Diog. L. 9, 50 Protagoras is called Σοφία.—Lucian in Peregr. 11 speaks ironically of the θαυμαστὴ σοφία τῶν Χριστιανῶν. Orig., C. Cels. 6, 44, 27 τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ θεοῦ ὄντι δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ καὶ ς.)—UWilckens, Weisheit u. Torheit ( 1 Cor 1 and 2), ’59; FChrist, Jesus Sophia (synopt.) ’70.
    ② personified wisdom, Wisdom (Ael. Aristid. 45, 17 K. as a mediator betw. Sarapis and humans; perh.=Isis; AHöfler, D. Sarapishymnus des Ael. Aristid. ’35, 50 and 53f; the name of an aeon Iren. 1, 2, 3 [Harv. I 16, 5]; s. also Did., Gen, 213, 12). In connection w. Pr 1:23–33: 1 Cl 57:3 (λέγει ἡ πανάρετος σοφία), 5 (=Pr 1:29); 58:1. On ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία κτλ. Mt 11:19; Lk 7:35 cp. δικαιόω 2bα and Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 6, 394d ἡ σοφία καὶ τὰ ἔργα τὸ ἀπὸ ταύτης=wisdom and her fruits. ἡ σοφία τοῦ θεοῦ εἶπεν Lk 11:49 introduces a statement made by ‘wisdom’ (‘wisdom’ is variously explained in this connection; on the one hand, it is said to refer to the OT, or to an apocryphal book by this title [s. 3 below]; on the other hand, Jesus is thought of as proclaiming a decree of divine wisdom, or Lk is thinking of wisdom that Jesus has communicated to them at an earlier time).
    ③ a book titled ‘The Wisdom of God’, s. 2.—EBréhier, Les idées philosophiques et religieuses de Philon d’Alexandrie 1907, 115ff; JMeinhold, Die Weisheit Israels 1908; GHoennicke, RE XXI 1908, 64ff; HWindisch, Die göttl. Weisheit der Juden u. die paulin. Christologie: Heinrici Festschr. 1914, 220 ff; PHeinisch, Die persönl. Weisheit des ATs in religionsgesch. Beleuchtung2 1923; Bousset, Rel.3 343ff; FFerrari, Il Progresso religioso 8, 1928, 241–53; MTechert, La notion de la Sagesse dans les trois prem. siècles: Archiv. f. Gesch. d. Philos. n.s. 32, 1930, 1–27; WKnox, St. Paul and the Church of the Gentiles ’39, 55–89; BRigaux, NTS 4, ’57/58, esp. 252–57 (Qumran); HConzelmann, Pls. u. die Weisheit, NTS 12, ’66, 231–44; MSuggs, Wisdom, Christology, and Law in Mt, ’70. Other lit. in Schürer III/1, 198–212.—BGladigow, Sophia und Kosmos, Untersuchungen zur frühgeschichte von σοφό und σοφίη ’65.—DELG s.v. σοφό. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

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  • 4 πλοῦτος

    πλοῦτος, ου, ὁ (s. prec. four entries; Hom.+) Paul, who also uses the masc., in eight passages (2 Cor 8:2; Eph 1:7; 2:7; 3:8, 16; Phil 4:19; Col 1:27; 2:2) has in the nom. and acc. the neuter τὸ πλοῦτος (AcPh 109 [Aa II/2, 42, 5]; Is 29:2 [acc. to SA; s. Thackeray 159]); Tdf., Proleg. 118; W-H., app. 158; B-D-F §51, 2; Mlt-H. 127; Gignac II 100; ‘wealth, riches’.
    ① abundance of many earthly goods, wealth (Iren. 1, 8, 3 [Harv. I 71, 9]; Orig., C. Cels. 3, 9, 8; καὶ τὰ ἀνθρώπινα Did., Gen. 150, 8) Mt 13:22; Mk 4:19; Lk 8:14; 1 Ti 6:17; Js 5:2; Rv 18:17; 1 Cl 13:1 (Jer 9:22); Hv 3, 6, 5b; 6b; m 10, 1, 4; Hs 1:8; 2:5, 7f (τὸ πλ.); ApcPt 15, 30. Leading souls (astray) Hv 3, 6, 6a (restored). πλ. τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου 3, 6, 5a. πολυτέλεια πλούτου m 8:3; 12, 2, 1. γαυριᾶν ἐν τῷ πλούτῳ glory in wealth 1, 1, 8. Also γαυροῦσθαι ἐν τῷ πλ. 3, 9, 6. ἐπιλάθου τοῦ πλούτου καὶ τοῦ κάλλους σου AcPl Ha 2, 21; πλ. καταναλίσκεται 2, 24f; the restoration in 9, 9 is based on 2:24f.—OSchilling, Reichtum u. Eigentum in der altkirchl. Lit. 1908 (p. ix–xii for lit.); ETroeltsch, D. Soziallehren der christl. Kirchen u. Gruppen 1912; MWeber, D. Wirtschaftsethik der Weltreligionen: Archiv f. Sozialwissensch. 44, 1918, 52ff; FHauck, Die Stellung des Urchristentums zu Arbeit u. Geld 1921; ELohmeyer, Soziale Fragen im Urchristentum 1921; HGreeven, D. Hauptproblem der Sozialethik in der neueren Stoa u. im Urchristentum ’35 (slavery, property, marriage); KBornhäuser, D. Christ u. s. Habe nach dem NT ’36; HvCampenhausen, D. Askese im Urchristentum ’49. Cp. πτωχός 1.
    ② plentiful supply of someth., a wealth, abundance, fig. ext. of 1, w. gen. of thing (Pla., Euthyphr. 12a π. τῆς σοφίας; Theoph. Ant. 2, 12 [p. 130, 6] τῆς σοφίας τοῦ θεοῦ) τῆς ἁπλότητος; 2 Cor 8:2. τῆς δόξης Ro 9:23; Eph 1:18; 3:16; Col 1:27. τῆς πληροφορίας 2:2. τῆς χάριτος Eph 1:7; 2:7. τῆς χρηστότητος Ro 2:4 (Simplicius In Epict. p. 12, 7 πλοῦτος τῆς αὐτοῦ [God] ἀγαθότητος). The genitives in Ro 11:12, πλ. κόσμου, πλ. ἐθνῶν are different: (an) abundance (of benefits) for the world, for the gentiles. Of that which God or Christ possesses in boundless abundance: βάθος πλούτου vs. 33 (s. βάθος 2 and cp. Jos., Bell. 6, 442 ὁ πλοῦτος ὁ βαθύς).—Phil 4:19.—Eph 3:8; Rv 5:12 (w. δύναμις, σοφία, ἰσχύς, τιμή, δόξα, εὐλογία. Cp. Aristot., Pol. 1323a, 37f πλοῦτος, χρήματα, δύναμις, δόξα; Herodas 1, 28 πλοῦτος, δύναμις, δόξα; Crantor [IV/III B.C.]: FPhGr III 148 πλοῦτος κ. δόξα; Diod S 4, 74, 1 πλ. κ. δόξα).—μείζονα πλ. ἡγησάμενος τῶν Αἰγύπτου θησαυρῶν τὸν ὀνειδισμὸν τοῦ Χριστοῦ he considered the reproach suffered on behalf of the Christ to be greater wealth than the treasures of Egypt Hb 11:26.—TESchmidt, Hostility to Wealth in Philo of Alexandria: JSNT 19, ’83, 85–97; for other lit. s. πένης. B. 772. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πλοῦτος

  • 5 σοφία

    σοφία, ἡ, ion. σοφίη, ursprünglich das Wissen, Verstehen; zuerst von körperlicher, mechanischer Fertigkeit in Handwerken und Künsten, ὅς ῥά τε πάσης εὖ εἰδῇ σοφίης, von der Kunst des Zimmermanns, Il. 15, 412 (ἅπαξ εἰρ.); Geschicklichkeit im Saiten- u. Flötenspiel u. in der Tonkunst übh., H. h. Merc. 483. 511; eben so von der Dichtkunst, σοφίαι αἰπει-ναί, Pind. Ol. 9, 107, welche in ältester Zeit auch der Hauptträger des Wissens war; Ath. XIV, 622 c τὸ δὲ ὅλον ἔοικεν ἡ παλαιὰ τῶν Ἑλλήνων σοφία τῇ μο υσικῇ μάλιστα εἶναι δεδομένη; so heißt es auch Xen. An. 1, 2, 8 λέγεται Ἀπόλλων ἐκδεῖραι Μαρσύαν, νικήσας ἐρίζοντά οἱ περὶ σοφίας; mit der Sangeskunde hing auch die Kunst zusammen, die Einwirkung verderblicher Zauberkräfte abzuwehren und böse Geister zu bannen, Ath. XIV, 614 d πλῆϑος δ' ἦν Ἀϑἠνῃσι τῆς σοφίας ταύτης, die Kunst der., ὲλωτοποιοί; dei Pind. nimmt das Wort aber schon die allgemeine Bdtg der Kunst und Wissenschaft im döheren Sinne an, vgl. N. 7, 23 I. 6, 18 P. 6, 49; σοφίᾳ γὰρ ἔκ του κλεινὸν ἔπ ος πέφανται, Soph. Ant. 616; u. so bes. in Vrosa; Plat. vrbdt auch noch ταύτην τὴν σοφίαν, ᾑ τὰ ἅρματα κυβερνῶσιν, Lach. 123 c; ἐπεϑύμησα ταύτης τῆς σοφίας, ἣν δὴ καλοῠσι περὶ φύσεως ἱστορίαν, Phaed. 96 a. – Erfahrung u. Gewandtheit in den Geschäften des öffentlichen und häuslichen Lebens, gesunder Menschenverstand, der steh im richtigen praktischen Urtheil ausspricht, wie bei den sogenannten sieben Weisen; auch Schlauheit, List, Her. 1, 68 u. oft; σοφίῃ Ggstz von βίῃ 3, 127, vgl. Eur. Or. 710. – Dann aber Kenntniß in den höheren Wissenschaften, Gelehrsamkeit, und zulegt auch Weisheit in unserm Sinne, welche durch die Philosophen auf verschiedene Art bestimmt wird.

    Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > σοφία

  • 6 θησαυρός

    θησαυρός, οῦ, ὁ (s. prec. entry; Hes., Hdt.+; loanw. in rabb.; τὴν θ. TestSol 13:2 C).
    ① a place where someth. is kept for safekeeping, repository (Theoph. Ant. 2, 35 [p. 188, 16])
    ⓐ of repositories for material things
    α. treasure box or chest (cp. X., An. 5, 4, 27; Diod S 17, 71, 1; PTebt 6, 27; PAmh 41, 8; En 97:9; Jos., Ant. 9, 163) Mt 2:11.
    β. storehouse, storeroom (Appian, Fgm. 6; PRyl 231, 8; PFay 122, 4; POxy 101, 29; Am 8:5; Pr 8:21) Mt 13:52 (with ἐκβάλλειν ἐκ τοῦ θ. cp. Arrian, Cyneg. 34, 1 ἐμβάλλειν ἐς τὸν θ.).
    ⓑ of repositories for transcendent things (TestAsh 1:9) of the heart as the treasury for heavenly possessions θ. τῆς καρδίας Lk 6:45; cp. Mt 12:35 (on ἀγαθὸς θ. s. Dt 28:12).—GKaminski, JDAI 106, ’91, 63–181 (ins); s. SEG XLI, 1846.
    ② that which is stored up, treasure Mt 6:21; Lk 12:34 (cp. Just., A I, 15, 16).
    ⓐ of material things (TestSol C 10, 21 al.; Diod S 17, 71, 1) Mt 6:19; 13:44 (for θ. buried in the ground: Maximus Tyr. 15, 5h; Artem. 2, 58; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 6, 39 p. 250, 4ff; JDerrett, Law in the NT, ’70, 1–16). The treasures of Egypt Hb 11:26.
    ⓑ of transcendent things (Iren. 4, 26, 1 [Harv. II 235, 9]; on θ. that is dug up in metaph. sense cp. Philemo Com. 169 Κ. ἐὰν γυνὴ γυναικὶ κατʼ ἰδίαν ὁμιλεῖ, μεγάλων κακῶν θησαυρὸς ἐξορύσσεται. Metaph. use also bγ end)
    α. of the treasures in heaven Mt 6:20. θ. ἀνέκλειπτος ἐν τ. οὐρανοῖς Lk 12:33. θησαυρὸν ἔχειν ἐν οὐρανῷ have treasure in heaven the treasure is, in effect, deposited there and becomes available to people after death Mt 19:21; Mk 10:21; Lk 18:22.—WPesch, Biblica 41, ’60, 356–78 (Mt 6:19–21; Lk 12:33f).
    β. θησαυροὶ σκοτεινοί treasures lying in darkness B 11:4 (Is 45:3).
    γ. of the gospel and its glory 2 Cor 4:7. Of Christ: ἐν ᾧ εἰσιν πάντες οἱ θησαυροὶ τῆς σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως ἀπόκρυφοι in whom all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge lie hidden Col 2:3 (ἐν θησαυροῖς σοφίας Sir 1:25; cp. X., Mem. 1, 6, 14; 4, 2, 9 θησαυροὶ σοφίας; Pla., Phileb. 15e; Diod S 9, 10, 3 κάλλιστος θ.; Himerius, Or. [Ecl.] 3, 20 θ. ἀθάνατος of the possession of virtue; Pr 2:3ff; Philo, Congr. Erud. Gr. 127).—B. 777; BHHW III 1686. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > θησαυρός

  • 7 διά

    διά prep. w. gen. and acc. (Hom.+) (for lit. s. ἀνά, beg.); the fundamental idea that finds expression in this prep. is separation, esp. in the gen., with the gener. sense ‘through’; in the acc. the gener. sense also is ‘through’ (cp. the semantic range in Eng.), but primarily with a causal focus ‘owing to’.
    A. w. gen.
    ① marker of extension through an area or object, via, through
    ⓐ w. verbs of going διέρχεσθαι διὰ πάντων (sc. τόπων, EpArist 132) go through all the places Ac 9:32; cp. Mt 12:43; Lk 11:24. ἀπελεύσομαι διʼ ὑμῶν εἰς I will go through your city on the way to Ro 15:28; cp. 2 Cor. 1:16. διαβαίνειν Hb 11:29. διαπορεύεσθαι διὰ σπορίμων Lk 6:1. εἰσέρχεσθαι διὰ τῆς πύλης (Jos., Ant. 13, 229) Mt 7:13a; τ. θύρας J 10:1f; cp. vs. 9. παρέρχεσθαι διὰ τ. ὁδοῦ pass by along the road Mt 8:28; cp. 7:13b. παραπορεύεσθαι Mk 2:23; 9:30. περιπατεῖν διὰ τοῦ φωτός walk about through or in the light Rv 21:24. ὑποστρέφειν διὰ Μακεδονίας return through M. Ac 20:3.—Ἰης. ὁ ἐλθὼν διʼ ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος 1J 5:6 first of all refers quite literally to Jesus’ passing through water at the hand of John and through blood at his death (on the expression ‘come through blood’ in this sense cp. Eur., Phoen. 20 in Alex. Aphr., Fat. 31 II 2 p. 202, 10, of the oracle to Laius the father of Oedipus, concerning the bloody downfall of his house: πᾶς σὸς οἶκος βήσεται διʼ αἵματος). But mng. 3c may also apply: Jesus comes with the water of baptism and with the blood of redemption for his own.—AKlöpper, 1J 5:6–12: ZWT 43, 1900, 378–400.—The ῥῆμα ἐκπορευόμενον διὰ στόματος θεοῦ Mt 4:4 (Dt 8:3) is simply the word that proceeds out of the mouth of God (cp. Theognis 1, 18 Diehl3 τοῦτʼ ἔπος ἀθανάτων ἦλθε διὰ στομάτων; Pittacus in Diog. L. 1, 78 διὰ στόματος λαλεῖ; Chrysippus argues in Diog. L. 7, 187: εἴ τι λαλεῖς, τοῦτο διὰ τοῦ στόματός σου διέρχεται, i.e. if one e.g. says the word ἅμαξα, a wagon passes through the person’s lips; TestIss 7:4 ψεῦδος οὐκ ἀνῆλθε διὰ τ. χειλέων μου. Cp. also δέχεσθαι διὰ τῶν χειρῶν τινος Gen 33:10 beside δέχ. ἐκ τ. χειρ. τινος Ex 32:4).
    ⓑ w. other verbs that include motion: οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος διὰ πασῶν τ. ἐκκλησιῶν (sc. ἀγγέλλεται) throughout all the congregations 2 Cor 8:18. διαφέρεσθαι διʼ (v.l. καθʼ) ὅλης τῆς χώρας be spread through the whole region Ac 13:49. διὰ τ. κεράμων καθῆκαν αὐτόν they let him down through the tile roof Lk 5:19. διὰ τοῦ τείχους καθῆκαν through an opening in the wall (Jos., Ant. 5, 15) Ac 9:25; cp. 2 Cor 11:33. (σωθήσεται) ὡς διὰ πυρός as if he had come through fire 1 Cor 3:15. διασῴζεσθαι διʼ ὕδατος be brought safely through the water 1 Pt 3:20.—διʼ ὅλου J 19:23 s. ὅλος 2.
    ⓐ of a whole period of time, to its very end throughout, through, during διὰ παντός (sc. χρόνου. Edd. gener. write διὰ παντός, but Tdf. writes διαπαντός exc. Mt 18:10) always, continually, constantly (Hdt. 1, 122, 3; Thu. 1, 38, 1; Vett. Val. 220, 1; 16; PLond I, 42, 6 [172 B.C.] p. 30; BGU 1078, 2; PGM 7, 235; LXX; GrBar 10:7; EpArist index; Jos., Ant. 3, 281; SibOr Fgm. 1, 17; Just., D. 6, 2; 12, 3 al.) Mt 18:10; Mk 5:5; Lk 24:53; Ac 2:25 (Ps 15:8); 10:2; 24:16; Ro 11:10 (Ps 68:24); 2 Th 3:16; Hb 9:6; 13:15; Hm 5, 2, 3; Hs 9, 27, 3. διὰ νυκτός during the night, overnight (νύξ 1b) Ac 23:31. διʼ ὅλης νυκτός the whole night through Lk 5:5; J 21:6 v.l. (X., An. 4, 2, 4; Diod S 3, 12, 3 διʼ ὅλης τῆς νυκτός; PGM 4, 3151; Jos., Ant. 6, 37; cp. διʼ ἡμέρας all through the day: IPriene 112, 61 and 99; 1 Macc 12:27; 4 Macc 3:7). διʼ ἡμερῶν τεσσεράκοντα Ac 1:3 means either for forty days (Philo, Vi. Cont. 35 διʼ ἓξ ἡμερῶν. So AFridrichsen, ThBl 6, 1927, 337–41; MEnslin, JBL 47, 1928, 60–73) or (s. b below) now and then in the course of 40 days (B-D-F §223, 1; Rob. 581; WMichaelis, ThBl 4, 1925, 102f; Bruce, Acts). διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν throughout the lifetime Hb 2:15 (cp. διὰ παντὸς τοῦ βίου: X., Mem. 1, 2, 61; Pla., Phileb. 39e; Dionys. Hal. 2, 21; διʼ ὅλου τοῦ ζῆν EpArist 130; 141; 168).
    ⓑ of a period of time within which someth. occurs during, at (PTebt 48, 10) διὰ (τῆς) νυκτός at night, during the night (Palaeph. 1, 10; PRyl 138, 15 κατέλαβα τοῦτον διὰ νυκτός; Jos., Bell. 1, 229. S. νύξ 1b end) Ac 5:19; 16:9; 17:10. διὰ τῆς ἡμέρας during the day Lk 9:37 D (Antig. Car. 128 διὰ πέμπτης ἡμέρας=on the fifth day). διὰ τριῶν ἡμερῶν within three days Mt 26:61; Mk 14:58.
    ⓒ of an interval of time, after (Hdt. 6, 118, 3 διʼ ἐτέων εἴκοσι; Thu. 2, 94, 3; X., Mem. 2, 8, 1; Diod S 5, 28, 6 of transmigration of souls: διʼ ἐτῶν ὡρισμένων [=after the passing of a certain number of years] πάλιν βιοῦν; OGI 56, 38; 4 Macc 13:21; Jos., Ant. 4, 209): διʼ ἐτῶν πλειόνων after several years Ac 24:17. διὰ δεκατεσσάρων (s. under δέκα) ἐτῶν after 14 years Gal 2:1. διʼ ἡμερῶν several days afterward Mk 2:1. διὰ ἱκανοῦ χρόνου after (quite) some time Ac 11:2 D (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 28 διὰ χρόνου).
    ③ marker of instrumentality or circumstance whereby someth. is accomplished or effected, by, via, through
    ⓐ of means or instrument γράφειν διά χάρτου καὶ μέλανος write w. paper and ink 2J 12; cp. 3J 13 (Plut., Sol. 87 [17, 3]). διὰ πυρὸς δοκιμάζειν test by fire 1 Pt 1:7. διὰ χρημάτων κτᾶσθαι Ac 8:20. Hebraistically in expr. denoting activity διὰ χειρῶν τινος (LXX) Mk 6:2; Ac 5:12; 14:3; 19:11, 26. Differently γράφειν διὰ χειρός τινος write through the agency of someone 15:23; cp. 11:30. εἰπεῖν διὰ στόματός τινος by the mouth of someone (where the usage discussed in A1a is influential) 1:16; 3:18, 21; 4:25. εὔσημον λόγον διδόναι διὰ τῆς γλώσσης utter intelligible speech with the tongue 1 Cor 14:9. διὰ τοῦ νοὸς λαλεῖν speak, using one’s reason (=consciously; opp., ecstatic speech) vs. 19 v.l. Of the work of Christ: περιποιεῖσθαι διὰ τοῦ αἵματος obtain through his blood Ac 20:28; cp. Eph 1:7; Col 1:20. Also διὰ τοῦ θανάτου Ro 5:10; Col 1:22; Hb 2:14; διὰ τοῦ σώματος Ro 7:4; διὰ τῆς ἰδίας σαρκός AcPlCor 2:6; cp. 2:15; διὰ τοῦ σταυροῦ Eph 2:16; διὰ τῆς θυσίας Hb 9:26; διὰ τῆς προσφορᾶς τοῦ σώματος Ἰησοῦ through the offering of the body of Jesus 10:10; διὰ παθημάτων 2:10.
    ⓑ of manner, esp. w. verbs of saying: ἀπαγγέλλειν διὰ λόγου by word of mouth Ac 15:27; cp. 2 Th 2:15. διʼ ἐπιστολῶν by letter (POxy 1066, 9; 1070, 14f πολλάκις σοι γράψας διὰ ἐπιστολῶν πολλῶν; Tat. 12:3 δια γραφῆς in writing) 1 Cor 16:3; 2 Cor 10:11; cp. 2 Th 2:2, 15. διὰ λόγου πολλοῦ w. many words Ac 15:32. διʼ ὁράματος εἰπεῖν in a vision 18:9. διὰ παραβολῆς in an illustrative way, in a parable Lk 8:4. διὰ προσευχῆς καὶ δεήσεως προσεύχεσθαι call on (God) w. prayer and supplication Eph 6:18. διὰ βραχέων ἐπιστέλλειν write briefly Hb 13:22 (cp. 1 Pt 5:12 P72; Isocr. 14, 3; Lucian, Tox. 56; EpArist 128; Ath. 17:1 σκέψασθε … διὰ βρ.). Also διʼ ὀλίγων γράφειν 1 Pt 5:12 (Pla., Phileb. 31d; UPZ 42, 9 [162 B.C.]; 2 Macc 6:17).
    ⓒ of attendant or prevailing circumstance (Kühner-G. I 482f; X., Cyr. 4, 6, 6 διὰ πένθους τὸ γῆρας διάγων; Just., D. 105, 2 διʼ οὗ πάθους ἔμελλενἀποθνῄσκειν; PTebt 35, 9 [111 B.C.] διὰ τῆς γνώμης τινός=with someone’s consent; Jos., Bell. 4, 105) σὲ τὸν διὰ γράμματος καὶ περιτομῆς παραβάτην νόμου you who, (though provided) with the written code and circumcision, are a transgressor/violator of the law Ro 2:27. διʼ ὑπομονῆς 8:25. διὰ προσκόμματος eat with offense (to the scruples of another) 14:20. διʼ ἀκροβυστίας in a state of being uncircumcised 4:11. διὰ πολλῶν δακρύων with many tears 2 Cor 2:4. Cp. 6:7. διὰ τῆς ἐπιγνώσεως 2 Pt 1:3 ( through recognition [of God as source of the gifts], s. Danker, Benefactor 457). διὰ πυρός in fiery form AcPlCor 2:13.—Here prob. belongs σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας 1 Ti 2:15 (opp. of the negative theme in Gen. 3:16), but s. d next. On 1J 5:6 s. A1a above.
    ⓓ of efficient cause via, through διὰ νόμου ἐπίγνωσις ἁμαρτίας ( only) recognition of sin comes via the law Ro 3:20; cp. 4:13. τὰ παθήματα τὰ διὰ τοῦ νόμου passions aroused via the law 7:5. διὰ νόμου πίστεως by the law of faith 3:27; Gal 2:19. ἀφορμὴν λαμβάνειν διὰ τῆς ἐντολῆς Ro 7:8, 11; cp. 13. διὰ τ. εὐαγγελίου ὑμᾶς ἐγέννησα (spiritual parenthood) 1 Cor 4:15. Perh. 1 Ti 2:15 but s. c, above. διὰ τῆς σοφίας with its wisdom 1 Cor 1:21; opp. διὰ τῆς μωρίας τοῦ κηρύγματος through the folly of proclamation = foolish proclamation ibid. διὰ τῆς Λευιτικῆς ἱερωσύνης Hb 7:11. Freq. διὰ (τῆς) πίστεως Ro 1:12; 3:22, 25, 30f; Gal 2:16; 3:14, 26; Eph 2:8; 3:12, 17 al. Cp. AcPl Cor 2:8. πίστις διʼ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη faith which works through (=expresses itself in) deeds of love Gal 5:6. διὰ θελήματος θεοῦ if God is willing Ro 15:32; by the will of God 1 Cor 1:1; 2 Cor 1:1; 8:5; Eph 1:1; Col 1:1; 2 Ti 1:1.
    ⓔ of occasion διὰ τῆς χάριτος by virtue of the grace Ro 12:3; Gal 1:15 (Just., D. 100, 2).—3:18; 4:23; Phlm 22. διὰ δόξης καὶ ἀρετῆς in consequence of his glory and excellence 2 Pt 1:3 v.l.
    ⓕ in wording of urgent requests διὰ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν τοῦ θεοῦ by the mercy of God Ro 12:1; cp. 15:30; 1 Cor 1:10; 2 Cor 10:1.
    ④ marker of pers. agency, through, by
    ⓐ with focus on agency through ( the agency of), by (X., An. 2, 3, 17 διʼ ἑρμηνέως λέγειν; Menand., Fgm. 210, 1 οὐθεὶς διʼ ἀνθρώπου θεὸς σῴζει … ἑτέρου τόν ἕτερον; Achilles Tat. 7, 1, 3 διʼ ἐκείνου μαθεῖν; Just., D. 75, 4 διὰ παρθένου γεννηθῆναι; PMert 5, 8 γεομετρηθῆναι διʼ αὐτοῦ) ῥηθὲν διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Mt 1:22; 2:15, 23; 4:14 al. (cp. Just., A I, 47, 5 διὰ Ἠσαίου τοῦ πρ.). γεγραμμένα διὰ τῶν προφητῶν Lk 18:31; cp. Ac 2:22; 10:36; 15:12 al. διʼ ἀνθρώπου by human agency Gal 1:1. διὰ Μωϋσέως through Moses (Jos., Ant. 7, 338; Mel., P. 11, 77 διὰ χειρὸς Μωυσέως) J 1:17; under Moses’ leadership Hb 3:16. διʼ ἀγγέλων by means of divine messengers (TestJob 18:5 διὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου; cp. Jos., Ant. 15, 136, but s. n. by RMarcus, Loeb ed., ad loc.) Gal 3:19; Hb 2:2. πέμψας διὰ τ. μαθητῶν εἶπεν sent and said through his disciples Mt 11:2f. Cp. the short ending of Mk. γράφειν διά τινος of the bearer IRo 10:1; IPhld 11:2; ISm 12:1, but also of pers. who had a greater or smaller part in drawing up some document (Dionys. of Cor. in Eus., HE 4, 23, 11) 1 Pt 5:12 (on the practice s. ERichards, The Secretary in the Letters of Paul ’91). In this case διά comes close to the mng. represented by (LWenger, D. Stellvertretung im Rechte d. Pap. 1906, 9ff; Dssm., LO 98 [LAE 123f]). So also κρίνει ὁ θεὸς διὰ Χρ. Ἰ. God judges, represented by Christ Jesus Ro 2:16. Christ as intermediary in the creation of the world J 1:3, 10; 1 Cor 8:6; Col 1:16.—εὐχαριστεῖν τ. θεῷ διὰ Ἰ. Χρ. thank God through Jesus Christ Ro 1:8; 7:25; Col 3:17.—Occasionally the mediation becomes actual presence (references for this usage in BKeil, Anonymus Argentinensis 1902, p. 192, 1; 306 note) διὰ πολλῶν μαρτύρων in the presence of many witnesses 2 Ti 2:2 (Simplicius in Epict. p. 114, 31 διὰ θεοῦ μέσου=in the presence of God as mediator; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 187 τὸ διὰ μαρτύρων κλαίειν=weeping in the presence of witnesses).
    ⓑ with focus on the originator of an action (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX, EpArist)
    α. of human activity (PSI 354, 6 [254 B.C.] τὸν χόρτον τὸν συνηγμένον διʼ ἡμῶν=by us; 500, 5; 527, 12; 1 Esdr 6:13; 2 Macc 6:21; 4 Macc 1:11) 2 Cor 1:11 (where διὰ πολλῶν resumes ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων). ᾧ παρέλαβε κανόνι διὰ τῶν μακαρίων προφήτων καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου εὐαγγελίου AcPlCor 2:36.
    β. of divine activity:—of God (Aeschyl., Ag. 1485; Pla., Symp. 186e ἡ ἰατρικὴ πᾶσα διὰ τ. θεοῦ τούτου [Asclepius] κυβερνᾶται; Ael. Aristid., Sarap. [Or. 8 Dind.=45 Keil] 14 K. πάντα γὰρ πανταχοῦ διὰ σοῦ τε καὶ διὰ σὲ ἡμῖν γίγνεται; Zosimus in CALG p. 143 and a magic ring in introd. 133; EpArist 313) 1 Cor 1:9 διʼ οὗ ἐκλήθητε (v.l. ὑπό s. καλέω 4); Ro 11:36 (s. Norden, Agn. Th. 240–50; 347f); Hb 2:10b (s. B 2a, below; cp. Ar. 1:5 διʼ αὐτοῦ … τὰ πάντα συνέστηκεν).—Of Christ Ro 1:5; 5:9, 17f, 21; 8:37; 2 Cor 1:20 al. (ASchettler, D. paulin. Formel ‘durch Christus’ 1907; GJonker, De paulin. formule ‘door Christus’: ThSt 27, 1909, 173–208).—Of the Holy Spirit Ac 11:28; 21:4; Ro 5:5.
    ⑤ At times διά w. gen. seems to have causal mng. (Rdm. 142; POxy 299, 2 [I A.D.] ἔδωκα αὐτῷ διὰ σοῦ=because of you; Achilles Tat. 3, 4, 5 διὰ τούτων=for this reason; in Eng. cp. Coleridge, Anc. Mariner 135–36: Every tongue thro’ utter drouth Was wither’d at the root, s. OED s.v. ‘through’ I B 8) διὰ τῆς σαρκός because of the resistance of the flesh Ro 8:3.—2 Cor 9:13.—On the use of διά w. gen. in Ro s. Schlaeger, La critique radicale de l’épître aux Rom.: Congr. d’ Hist. du Christ. II 111f.
    B. w. acc.
    ① marker of extension through an area, through (Hom. and other early Gk. only in poetry, e.g. Pind. P. 9, 123 διʼ ὅμιλον ‘through the throng’; Hellenistic prose since Dionys. Hal. [JKäser, D. Präpositionen b. Dionys. Hal., diss. Erlangen 1915, 54]; ISyriaW 1866b τὸν πάτρωνα διὰ πάντα of the governor of a whole province) διήρχετο διὰ μέσον Σαμαρείας καὶ Γαλιλαίας Lk 17:11 (cp. SibOr 3, 316 ῥομφαία διελεύσεται διὰ μέσον σεῖο).
    ② marker of someth. constituting cause
    ⓐ the reason why someth. happens, results, exists: because of, for the sake of (do something for the sake of a divinity: UPZ 62, 2 [161 B.C.] διὰ τὸν Σάραπιν; JosAs 1:10 διʼ αὐτήν; ApcSed 3:3 διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον; Tat. 8:2 διὰ τὸν … Ἄττιν; Ath. 30, 1 διὰ τὴν Δερκετώ) hated because of the name Mt 10:22; persecution arises because of teaching 13:21; because of unbelief vs. 58; because of a tradition 15:3; διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον (the sabbath was designed) for people Mk 2:27; because of Herodias Mk 6:17 (cp. Just. D. 34, 8 διὰ γυναῖκα); because of a crowd Lk 5:19; 8:19 al; because of Judeans Ac 16:3. διὰ τὸν θόρυβον 21:34; because of rain 28:2. Juristically to indicate guilt: imprisoned for insurrection and murder Lk 23:25. διʼ ὑμᾶς on your account=through your fault Ro 2:24 (Is 52:5). διὰ τὴν πάρεσιν because of the passing over 3:25 (but s. WKümmel, ZTK 49, ’52, 164). διὰ τὰ παραπτώματα on account of transgressions 4:25a (cp. Is 53:5; PsSol 13:5); but διὰ τὴν δικαίωσιν in the interest of justification vs. 25b; s. 8:10 for a sim. paired use of διὰ. διὰ τὴν χάριν on the basis of the grace 15:15. διʼ ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκός because of a physical ailment (cp. POxy 726, 10f [II A.D.] οὐ δυνάμενος διʼ ἀσθένειαν πλεῦσαι. Cp. ἀσθένεια 1) Gal 4:13. διὰ τὸ θέλημα σου by your will Rv 4:11. διὰ τὸν χρόνον according to the time = by this time Hb 5:12 (Aelian, VH 3, 37 δ. τὸν χρ.=because of the particular time-situation).—W. words denoting emotions out of (Diod S 5, 59, 8 διὰ τὴν λύπην; 18, 25, 1 διὰ τὴν προπέτειαν=out of rashness; Appian, Celt. 1 §9 διʼ ἐλπίδα; 2 Macc 5:21; 7:20; 9:8; 3 Macc 5:32, 41; Tob 8:7): διὰ φθόνον out of envy Mt 27:18; Phil 1:15. διὰ σπλάγχνα ἐλέους out of tender mercy Lk 1:78. διὰ τ. φόβον τινός out of fear of someone J 7:13. διὰ τὴν πολλὴν ἀγάπην out of the great love Eph 2:4. διὰ τ. πλεονεξίαν in their greediness B 10:4.—Of God as the ultimate goal or purpose of life, whereas διά w. gen. (s. A4bβ above) represents God as Creator, Hb 2:10a (s. Norden, op. cit.; PGM 13, 76 διὰ σὲ συνέστηκεν … ἡ γῆ). Cp. J 6:57 (s. Bultmann ad loc.) PtK 2.
    ⓑ in direct questions διὰ τί; why? (Hyperid. 3, 17; Dio Chrys. 20 [37], 28; Ael. Aristid. 31 p. 597 D.; oft. LXX; TestJob 37:8; TestLevi 2:9; GrBar, Tat; Mel., Fgm. 8b, 42) mostly in an interrogative clause Mt 9:11, 14; 13:10; 15:2f; 17:19; 21:25; Mk 2:18; 11:31; Lk 5:30; 19:23, 31; 20:5; 24:38; J 7:45; 8:43, 46; 12:5; 13:37; Ac 5:3; 1 Cor 6:7; Rv 17:7. Simply διὰ τί; (Hyperid. 3, 23) Ro 9:32; 2 Cor 11:11. Also διατί (always in t.r. and often by Tdf.; TestJob 46:2) B 8:4, 6; Hm 2:5; Hs 5, 5, 5. Kvan Leeuwen Boomkamp, Τι et Διατι dans les évangiles: RevÉtGr 39, 1926, 327–31.—In real and supposed answers and inferences διὰ τοῦτο therefore (X., An. 1, 7, 3; 7, 19; oft. LXX; JosAs 7:7; Ar. 12, 2; Just., A I, 44, 5 al.; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 3 Jac.) Mt 6:25; 12:27, 31; 13:13, 52; 14:2; 18:23; 21:43; 23:13 v.l.; 24:44; Mk 11:24; 12:24; Lk 11:19 al. Also διὰ ταῦτα (Epict.) Eph 5:6. διὰ τοῦτο ὅτι for this reason, (namely) that J 5:16, 18; 8:47; 10:17; 12:18, 39; 15:19; 1J 3:1. διὰ τοῦτο ἵνα for this reason, (in order) that (Lucian, Abdic. 1) J 1:31; 2 Cor 13:10; 1 Ti 1:16; Phlm 15. Also διὰ τοῦτο ὅπως Hb 9:15.
    ⓒ διά foll. by inf. or acc. w. inf., representing a causal clause, because (Gen 39:9; Dt 1:36; 1 Macc 6:53; GrBar 8:4; Demetr.: 722 fgm 1:1 al.) διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν βάθος because it had no depth Mt 13:5f; Mk 4:5f (διὰ τὸ μή w. inf.: X., Mem. 1, 3, 5; Hero Alex. I 348, 7; III 274, 19; Lucian, Hermot. 31); because lawlessness increases Mt 24:12; διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἐξ οἴκου Δ.. Lk 2:4; because it was built well 6:48 al. διὰ τὸ λέγεσθαι ὑπό τινων because it was said by some Lk 9:7 (for the constr. cp. Herodian 7, 12, 7 διὰ τὸ τὰς ἐξόδους ὑπὸ τ. πυρὸς προκατειλῆφθαι=because the exit-routes were blocked by the fire).
    ⓓ instead of διά w. gen. to denote the efficient cause we may have διά, by
    α. w. acc. of thing (schol. on Pind., N. 4, 79a; 2 Macc 12:11; EpArist 77) διὰ τὸ αἷμα by the blood Rv 12:11. διὰ τὰ σημεῖα by the miracles 13:14.
    β. w. acc. of pers. and freq. as expr. of favorable divine action (Aristoph., Plut. 468; Dionys. Hal. 8, 33, 3, 1579 μέγας διὰ τ. θεούς ἐγενόμην; Ael. Aristid. 24, 1 K.=44 p. 824 D.: διʼ οὓς [= θεούς] ἐσώθην; SIG 1122; OGI 458, 40; PGM 13, 579 διῳκονομήθη τ. πάντα διὰ σέ; EpArist 292; Sir 15:11; 3 Macc 6:36: other exx. in SEitrem and AFridrichsen, E. christl. Amulett auf Pap. 1921, 24). ζῶ διὰ τὸν πατέρα J 6:57 (cp. PKöln VI, 245, 16 of Isis σὺ κυρεῖς τὰ πάντα, διὰ σὲ δʼ εἰσορῶ φαός ‘you are responsible for everything and thanks to you I can see light’). διὰ τὸν ὑποτάξαντα by the one who subjected it Ro 8:20.—DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > διά

  • 8 κύριος

    κύριος [ῡ], α, ον, also ος, ον A.Supp. 732, E.Heracl. 143, Arist.Pol. 1306b20:—Thess. [full] κῦρρος IG9(2).517.20 (Larissa, iii B.C.): ([etym.] κῦρος) (not in Hom.):
    I of persons, having power or authority over, c. gen.,

    Ζεὺς ὁ πάντων κ. Pi.I.5(4).53

    , cf. P.2.58;

    ἐμῶν τε καὶ σῶν κ. πιστωμάτων A.Ag. 878

    ; πρὶν ἄν σε κ. στήσω τέκνων put thee in possession of.., S.OC 1041;

    κύριοι πολιτείας Antipho 3.1.1

    ;

    κ. καταλύσεως Th.4.20

    ;

    εἰρήνης καὶ πολέμου X.HG2.2.18

    ; -

    ώτατοι τοῦ ἱεροῦ Th.5.53

     (but ὁ -ώτατος θεὸς τοῦ ἱεροῦ, of the god to whom a temple is dedicated, OGI90.39 (Rosetta, ii B.C.));

    τῶν αὑτοὺ κ. Pl.Lg. 929d

    , cf. Isoc. 19.34, etc.; θανάτου κ. τινός with power of life and death over, Pl. Criti. 120d;

    κ. περί τινος Arist.Pol. 1286a24

    .
    2 κύριός εἰμι c. inf., I have authority to do, am entitled to do, A.Ag. 104 (lyr.); οὗτος κ. ὁρκωμοτεῖν (prob. for -ῶν) E.Supp. 1189;

    κ. ἀπολέσαι, σῶσαι δ' ἄκυροι And.4.9

    , cf. Th.5.63, 8.5; - ώτεροι δοῦναι better able to give, Id.4.18;

    οὐ.. κ. οὔτε ἀνελέσθαι πόλεμον οὔτε καταλῦσαι X.An.5.7.27

    ;

    δοῦλοι κ. μαστιγοῦν τοὺς ἐλευθέρους Ephor.29

     J.;

    αἱ ἀρχαὶ κ. κρίνειν Arist. Pol. 1287b16

    ; also κ. τοῦ μὴ μεθυσθῆναι having power not to.., Id.EN 1113b32: c. acc. et inf.,

    κ. εἶναι ἢ τοίαν εἶναι [πόλιν] ἢ τοίαν Pl.R. 429b

    .
    3 folld. by a dependent clause,

    κ. γενέσθαι, ὅντινα δεῖ καταστήσασθαι Is.6.4

    .
    4 c. part.,

    πριαμένους τι ἢ πωλοῦντας κυρίους εἶναι Th.5.34

    ;

    κ. ἦν πράσσων ταῦτα Id.8.51

    , cf. Plb.6.37.8, 18.37.10;

    κύριοι ἐόντω συλέοντες Schwyzer 337.13

     (Delph.).
    5 abs., having authority, supreme, τί τῶνδε κυριωτέρους μένεις; A.Supp. 965; -

    ώτερος σέθεν E.Ba. 505

    ; ὁ πατὴρ μέχρι τούτου κ. [ἐστι] Arist.Rh. 1402a1; τὸ κ. the sovereign power in a state, Id.Pol. 1281a11, cf. Pl.R. 565a, etc.; τὰ κ. the supreme authorities, D.19.259, Arist.Rh. 1365b27;

    τὰ τῆσδε τῆς γῆς κ. S.OC 915

    ; at Athens, κ. ἐκκλησία a sovereign or principal assembly, Ar.Ach.19, Arist.Ath.43.4, IG12.42.22, al., 22.493.8, etc.; ἀγορὰ κ. ib.1298.7.
    II of things, ὁ τῆς ὥρας τῆς καταρχῆς κ. [ἀστήρ] Serapio in Cat.Cod.Astr.1.99: but usu. abs., authoritative, decisive,

    δίκαι E.Heracl.

    l.c., And.1.88, Pl.Cri. 50b; μῦθος -ώτερος of more authority, E.IA 318 (troch.); -ωτάτη τῶν ἐπιστημῶν [ἡ πολιτική] Arist.Pol. 1282b15;

    αἱ -ώτεραι ἀρχαί Id.Cael. 285a26

    , cf. Metaph. 997a12; [

    ἡ φρόνησις] τῆς σοφίας κυριωτέρα Id.EN 1143b34

    ; -ωτέρα ἡ καθόλου [ἀπόδειξις] Id.APo. 86a23;

    τάραχος ὁ -ώτατος Epicur.Ep.1p.30U.

    ; of sovereign remedies, -

    ωτάτη τῶν καθάρσεων Pl.Sph. 230d

    ; -

    ωτάτη κένωσις Gal.1.299

    ; important, principal, κ. δόξαι, of certain doctrines of Epicurus, Phld.Ir.p.86 W.;

    τὰ -ώτατα μέρη τῆς φύσεως Epicur.Sent.9

    ; -

    ώτερα μέρη τοῦ σώματος Philostr.Gym.50

    ; τὰ -ώτατα the principal organs, Gal.1.385 (but, the most important matters, Epicur.Sent.16);

    τὸ -ώτατον τῆς Ἐφέσου Philostr.VS1.22.4

    : Gramm., κ. τόνος principal accent, D.T.Supp. 674.32.
    2 opp. ἄκυρος, valid, νόμος, δόγματα, D.24.1, Pl.Lg. 926d; κ. ποιεῖν [τὴν γνῶσιν], opp. ἄκυρον π., D.21.92, cf. 39.15;

    τὰς συνθήκας κυρίας ποιεῖν Lys.18.15

    ;

    ἡ συγγραφὴ ἥδε κ. ἔστω PEleph. 1.14

     (iv B.C.); ἔστω τὰ κριθέντα κ. Lexap.D.21.94; so

    τὰς τῶν ἄλλων δόξας κ. ποιεῖν Pl.Tht. 179b

    .
    3 of times, etc., ordained, appointed,

    ἡ κυρίη ἡμέρη Hdt.5.50

    , cf. 93 (pl.);

    ἡ κ. τῶν ἡμερέων Id.1.48

    , 6.129;

    κ. ἐν ἡμέρᾳ A.Supp. 732

    ;

    τόδε κ. ἦμαρ E.Alc. 105

     (lyr.), etc.; κ. μήν, of a woman with child, i.e. the ninth month, Pi.O.6.32; ὅταν τὸ κ. μόλῃ φάος (prob.) the appointed time, A.Ag. 766 (lyr.);

    κ. μένει τέλος Id.Eu. 544

     (lyr.); ἡ κ. [ἡμέρα] D.21.84, cf. Test.ib.93; but αἱ κ. [ἡμεραι], = κριτικαί, Hp.Aff.9.
    4 legitimate, lawful,

    ὕπνος πόνος τε, κ. ξυνωμόται A.Eu. 127

    , cf. 327; κύρι' ἔχοντες having lawful power, ib. 960 (lyr.).
    5 ἡ κ. ἀρετή goodness proper, real goodness, Arist.EN 1144b4; [

    φλοιὸς] ὁ κ. Thphr.HP4.15.1

    ; Rhet. and Gramm., κ. ὄνομα the real or actual, hence current, ordinary, name of a thing, opp. μεταφορά, γλῶττα, Arist.Rh. 1404b6, 1410b12, Po. 1457b3, cf. D.H. Comp.21, D.L.10.13, etc.; σπάνει κυρίου ὀνόματος for lack of a current term, D.H.Comp.24; - ώτατα ὀνόματα most ordinary terms, ib.3 (hence also κ. ὄνομα proper, personal name, Plb.6.46.10, A.D.Pron. 10.11, al., Hdn.7.5.8; ὄνομα alone in this sense, Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.213); κ. [λέξεις] Phld.Rh.1.181 S.; κατὰ τὸν κ. τρόπον, opp. καταχρωμένη, ib.1.59 S.
    III Adv. κυρίως, v. sub voc.
    B Subst. [full] κύριος, ὁ, lord, master,

    τοῖσι κ. δωμάτων A.Ch. 658

    , cf. 689, S.Aj. 734, etc.; ὁ κ. alone, head of a family, master of a house (cf. Sch.Ar.Eq. 965), Antipho 2.4.7, Ar.Pl.6, Arist.Pol. 1269b10;

    τοὺς κ. τῶν οἰκιῶν PTeb.5.147

     (ii B.C.); also, guardian of a woman, Is.6.32, PGrenf.2.15 i 13 (ii B.C.), etc.: generally, guardian, trustee, Is. 2.10, D.43.15, 46.19, Men.Epit.89, etc.
    b later κύριε, as a form of respectful address, sir, Ev.Jo.12.21, 20.15, Act.Ap.16.30 (pl.), PFay. 106.15 (ii A.D.), etc.
    2 fem. κυρία, ἡ, mistress, lady of the house, Philem.223, LXXIs.24.2, etc.;

    κ. τῆς οἰκίας Men.403

    : in voc., madam, D.C.48.44; applied to women from fourteen years upwards, Epict. Ench.40. (In later Gr. freq. written [full] κύρα, PGrenf.1.61.4 (vi A.D.), etc.)
    b epith. of Ἶσις, OGI180 (Egypt, i B.C.), etc.
    3 of gods, esp. in the East,

    Σεκνεβτῦνις ὁ κ. θεός PTeb.284.6

     (i B.C.);

    Κρόνος κ. CIG4521

     (Abila, i A.D.);

    Ζεὺς κ. Supp.Epigr.2.830

     (Damascus, iii A.D.);

    κ. Σάραπις POxy.110.2

     (ii A.D);

    ἡ κ. Ἄρτεμις IG 4.1124

     (Tibur, ii A.D.); of deified rulers,

    τοῦ κ. βασιλέος θεοῦ OGI86.8

     (Egypt, i B.C.); οἱ κ. θεοὶ μέγιστοι, of Ptolemy XIV and Cleopatra, Berl.Sitzb.1902.1096: hence, of rulers in general,

    βασιλεὺς Ἡρώδης κ. OGI415

     (Judaea, i B.C.); of Roman Emperors, BGU1200.11 ([place name] Augustus), POxy. 37 i 6 ([place name] Claudius), etc.
    4 ὁ Κύριος, = Hebr. Yahweh, LXX Ge.11.5, al.; of Christ, 1 Ep.Cor.12.3, etc.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κύριος

  • 9 χείρ

    χείρ, ἡ, χειρός, χειρί, χεῖρα, dual χεῖρε, χεροῖν, pl. χεῖρες, χερῶν, χεῖρας, penult. being regularly short, when the ult. is long; dat. pl. regularly χερσί ( χειρσί occurs in cod.Vat. of LXX, as Jd.7.19, 1 Ch.5.10, and late Inscrr. as CIG2811
    A b.10 ([place name] Aphrodisias), 2942c ([place name] Tralles): but Poets used the penult. long or short in all cases, as the verse required, χερός, χερί, χέρα, χέρε, χέρες, χέρας (of which Hom. uses only

    χερί; χέρα h.Pan.40

    ); gen. dual

    χειροῖν S.El. 206

     (lyr.), 1394 (lyr.), IG22.1498.76; gen. pl. χειρῶν ib.31, common in Prose.—Poet. forms, dat. pl. χείρεσι ([etym.] ν ) once in Hom., Il.20.468, also Q.S.2.401, 5.469 (v.l.);

    χείρεσσι Il.12.382

    , Pi.O.10(11).62, S.Ant. 976 (lyr.), 1297 (lyr.), and once in trim., E.Alc. 756; χέρεσσι ([etym.] ν) Hes.Th. 519, 747, B.17.49;

    χερέεσσιν AJA36.460

     ([place name] Galatia):—[dialect] Dor. nom. [full] χέρς Timocr.9; [full] χήρ Sophr. in PSI11.1214a3 (also, = δίψακος, Ps.-Dsc.3.11); gen.

    χηρός Alcm.32

    , IG42(1).121.22 (Epid., iv B. C.); acc. pl. χῆρας ib.96, [dialect] Aeol.

    χέρρας Alc.Supp.4.21

    , Theoc.28.9.—On the accent and declension of these forms, v. Hdn.Gr.2.277, 748:— the hand, whether closed,

    παχεῖα Il.3.376

    ;

    βαρεῖα 11.235

    , al.; or open, flat, χερσὶ καταπρηνέσσι, χειρὶ καταπρηνεῖ, 15.114, Od.13.164, al.;

    εἰς τὴν χ. ἐγχεάμενοί τι X.Cyr.1.3.9

    : freq. in pl. where a single hand is meant, Il.23.384, etc.; reversely, sg. where more than one hand is spoken of, e.g. Od.3.37, etc.; dual joined with pl.,

    ἄμφω χεῖρας 8.135

    ;

    χεῖρε ἀμφοτέρας Il.21.115

    .
    2 hand and arm, arm (cf. Ruf.Onom.11,82, Gal.2.347),

    πῆχυν χειρὸς δεξιτερῆς Il.21.166

    ;

    κατὰ χεῖρα μέσην ἀγκῶνος ἔνερθε 11.252

    ;

    χεῖρες ἀπ' ὤμων ἀΐσσοντο Hes.Th. 150

    ;

    χ. εἰς ὤμους γυμναί Longus 1.4

    ; ἐν χερσὶ γυναικῶν πεσέειν into the arms, Il.6.81, etc.: hence, words are added to denote the hand as distinct from the arm,

    ἄκρην οὔτασε χεῖρα 5.336

    ;

    περὶ ἄκραις ταῖς χ. χειρῖδας ἔχουσι X.Cyr.8.8.17

    , cf. Pl. Prt. 352a.
    3 of the hand or paw of animals,

    ὅσα [ζῷα] χεῖρας ἔχει X.Mem.1.4.14

    ; πορεύεσθαι ἐπὶ χειρῶν go on all fours. LXX Le.11.27; so of monkeys, Arist.HA 502b3; of the fore-paws of the hyena, Id.Fr. 369; of the bear, Plu.2.919a.
    II Special usages:
    1 to denote position, ποτέρας τῆς χερός; on which hand? E.Cyc. 681;

    ἐπὶ δεξιὰ χειρός Pi.P.6.19

    ;

    ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ χειρός Od.5.277

    ;

    χειρὸς εἰς τὰ δεξιά S.Fr. 598

    ;

    λαιᾶς χειρός A.Pr. 714

     (but χείρ is often omitted with δεξιά, ἀριστερά, as we say the right, the left).
    2 freq. in dat. of all numbers with Verbs which imply the use of hands, λάβε χειρί, χερσὶν ἑλέσθαι, Il.5.302, 10.501;

    χερσὶν ἀσπάζεσθαι Od.3.35

    ;

    προκαλίζεσθαι 18.20

    ; χειρί, χεροῖν ψαῦσαι, S.OT 1510, 1466: sts. this dat. is added pleon. by way of emphasis,

    ὄνυξι συλλαβὼν χερί Id.Aj. 310

    .
    3 gen., by the hand,

    χειρὸς ἔχειν τινά Il.4.154

    ;

    χειρὸς ἑλών 1.323

    , etc.; γέροντα δὲ χειρὸς ἀνίστη he raised him by the hand, 24.515, cf. Od.14.319;

    χερὶ χειρὸς ἑλών Pi.P.9.122

    ;

    τινὰ χειρός ἑλκειν Id.N.11.32

    ;

    ἀνέλκειν τινὰ τῆς χ. Ar.V. 569

     (anap.).
    4 the acc. is used when one takes the hand of a person,

    χεῖρα γέροντος ἑλών Il. 24.361

    ;

    χεῖρ' ἕλε δεξιτερήν Od.1.121

    ; χεῖράς τ' ἀλλήλων λαβέτην, in pledge of good faith, Il.6.233; so

    ἔμβαλλε χ. δεξιὰν πρώτιστά μοι S.Tr. 1181

    ; also

    ἔμβαλλε χειρὸς πίστιν Id.Ph. 813

    , cf. OC 1632.
    5 other uses of the acc.:
    a in prayer or entreaty, χεῖρας ἀνασχεῖν [θεοῖς] Il.3.275, etc.;

    ποτὶ γούνασι χεῖρας βάλλειν Od.6.310

    ;

    ἀμφὶ.. Ἀρήτης βάλε γούνασι χεῖρας Ὀδυσσεύς 7.142

    ;

    ἀμφὶ δὲ χεῖρας δειρῇ βάλλ' Ὀδυσῆϊ 23.207

    ;

    ἀμφί τινι χεῖρε β. 21.223

    ;

    περίβαλε δὲ χέρας Ar.Th. 914

    , cf. A.Ag. 1559 (anap.);

    χεῖρας προΐσχεσθαι Th.3.58

    , 66; so also

    χεῖρας ἀείρων Od.11.423

    , cf. Il.7.130 (tm.); χ. ἀνατείνειν (v.

    ἀνατείνω 1.1

    ).
    b τὰς χεῖρας αἴρειν to hold up hands in token of assent or choice, of persons voting, Ar.Ec. 264;

    τὴν χ. αἴρειν And.3.41

    ;

    ὅτῳ δοκεῖ ταῦτα, ἀράτω τὴν χ. X.An.5.6.33

    , cf. 7.3.6; ἀνατεινάτω τὴν χ. ib.3.2.9, 33;

    χεῖρας ὀρεγνύς Il.22.37

    ;

    χεῖρ' ὀρέγων εἰς οὐρανόν 15.371

    ;

    χεῖρας ὀ. τινί Od.12.257

    ;

    πρός τινα Pi. P.4.240

    ;

    ποτὶ στόμα χεῖρ' ὀρέγεσθαι Il.24.506

     (but χεῖρά τισι ὀ. to reach them one's hand in help, X.HG5.2.17); also

    χεῖρε ἑτάροισι πετάσσας Il.4.523

    , etc.;

    πιτνὰς εἰς ἐμὲ χεῖρας Od.11.392

     (but χεῖρε πετάσσας abs., of one swimming, etc., 5.374, al.).
    c [Ἰλίου] χεῖρα ἑὴν ὑπερέσχε held the hand over
    I as a protector, Il.9.420, etc.: less freq. τισι, 4.249, cf. 5.433;

    χεῖρά θ' ὕπερθεν ἔχεις IG14.1003.10

     ([place name] Rome).
    d in hostile sense, χεῖρας or χεῖρα ἐπιφέρειν τινί, Il.1.89, 19.261, al.;

    χεῖρας ἐφιέναι τινί 1.567

    , Od.1.254, al.;

    χεῖρας ἐπιβάλλειν τισί Plb.3.2.8

    , etc.;

    χέρα τινὶ προσενεγκεῖν Pi.P.9.36

    ; χεῖρας ἐπί τινι ἰάλλειν, v. ἰάλλω 1.1.
    e χεῖρας ἀπέχειν keep hands off,

    λοιμοῖο βαρείας χεῖρας ἀφέξει Il.1.97

     codd.;

    κερτομίας δέ τοι.. καὶ χεῖρας ἀφέξω.. μνηστήρων Od.20.263

    ;

    ἀθανάτων ἀπέχειν χέρας A.Eu. 350

     (lyr.);

    τὼ χεῖρε ἀπέχεται Pl.Smp. 213d

    ;

    παύειν χεῖράς τινος Il.21.294

    .
    f χεῖρας ἐπιτιθέναι τινί, in token of consecration, 1 Ep.Ti.5.22, etc.
    6 with Preps.:
    a ἀνὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν τινάς to be intimate with.., Plb.21.6.5;

    αἱ ἀνὰ χεῖρά τινων ὁμιλίαι S.E.M.1.64

    ; τὰ ἀνὰ χεῖρα πράγματα the matters in hand, Plu.2.614b, etc. (also οἱ ἀνὰ χ. χρόνοι the current period, PRyl.88.21 (ii A. D.); τὰ ἀνὰ χ. what comes his way, Ps.-Ptol.Centil.18; ἀνὰ χ. τῆς πύλης hard by.., LXX 2 Ki.15.2.
    b ἀπὸ χειρὸς λογίσασθαι to reckon off-hand, roughly, Ar.V. 656 (anap.), cf. Luc.Hist.Conscr.29: but πότισον τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ χειρός by hand, PCair.Zen.155 (iii B. C.).
    c διὰ χερῶν ἔχειν, λαβεῖν, literally, to have or take between the hands, A.Supp. 193, S.Ant. 916; διὰ χειρὸς ἔχειν to hold in the hand, ib. 1258 (anap.), Ar.V. 597 (anap.); to have in hand, i. e. under control, Th.2.76;

    διὰ χειρῶν ἔχειν τὴν πολιτείαν Arist.Pol. 1308a27

    ; τὰ τῶν ξυμμάχων keep under control, Th.2.13: later, to have a work in hand, be engaged in it, Phld.Acad.Ind.p.69M. ([etym.] χερός), D.H.Isoc.4;

    τὰ ὅπλα Plu.Cor.2

    , etc. (also διὰ χ. by direct payment, opp. διὰ τῆς τραπέζης by banker's order, BGU1156.8 (i B. C.), etc.; cf.

    διὰ χ. ἔσπευδε τὴν πρᾶσιν Charito 1.12

    ); of arms,

    διὰ χειρὸς εἶναι Luc.Anach.35

    ; διὰ χ. ἔχειν, c. part., to be continually doing, Plu.2.767c;

    διὰ χειρός τινος ποιεῖν τι LXXJo.17.4

    , al., cf. Act.Ap.7.25, al.
    d ἐς χεῖρας λαβεῖν τι literally, S.El. 1120, etc.; to take a matter in hand, undertake it,

    πρᾶγμ' ἐς χέρας λαβόντ' E.Hec. 1242

    ;

    ἄγεσθαί τι ἐς χεῖρας Hdt.1.126

    , 4.79, etc.; δοῦναί τινι ἐς χέρας, εἰς χεῖρα, S.El. 1348, X.Cyr.8.8.22;

    καταστῆσαι εἰς τὰς χ. τινος Aeschin.2.28

    ; of persons, ἵκεο χεῖρας ἐς ἁμάς thou hast fallen into our hands, Il.10.448 (in Hom. also simply

    ὅ τι χεῖρας ἵκοιτο Od.12.331

    , cf. 24.172); so

    εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινι X.Cyr.7.4.10

    , cf. 2.4.15: generally, to have to do with any one, converse with him, Id.An.1.2.26 (so

    ἐς χεῖρα γῇ ξυνῆψαν E.Heracl. 429

    ): most freq. ἐς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τισι to come to blows or close quarters with.., A.Th. 680;

    ἀλλήλοις Th.7.44

    : abs.,

    εἰς χ. ἐλθεῖν Id.4.96

    ;

    ἐς χ. ἰέναι Id.2.3

    , 4.72, cf. PTeb.765.6 (ii B. C.);

    συνιέναι X.Cyr.8.8.22

    ; also ἐς χειρῶν νόμον (fort. νομόν)

    ἀπικέσθαι Hdt.9.48

    ; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ (fort. νομῷ)

    ἀπόλλυσθαι Id.8.89

    , cf. Aeschin.1.5, SIG167.37 (Mylasa, iv B. C.), Heraclid.Pol.25, Plb.1.34.5, 5.111.6; [full] ἐν χειρὸς νόμῳ Arist.Pol. 1285a10, D.H.6.26;

    ἐν χειρῶν νομαῖς SIG700.29

     (Lete, ii B.C.), v. l. in LXX 3 Ma.1.5; ἐν χεροῖν δίκῃ cj. in E.Ba.738;

    εἰς χεῖρας συμμεῖξαι τοῖς πολεμίοις X.Cyr.2.1.11

    ; also εἰς χεῖρας δέχεσθαί τινας to await their charge, Id.An.4.3.31;

    ἐς χ. ὑπομεῖναί τινας Th. 5.72

    .
    e ἐκ χειρός by hand of man, S.Aj.27: from near at hand, at close range,

    ἐκ χειρὸς βάλλειν X.An.3.3.15

    ; ἀμύνασθαι ib.5.4.25;

    μάχεσθαι Id.HG7.2.14

    , cf. D.S.19.6;

    πληγὰς ἐκ χ. ἀναδέξασθαι Plu.

     tim.4;

    οὐ μὴ σωθῇ ἐκ χ. σιδήρου LXX Jb.20.24

    ; ἡ ἐκ χ. δίκη lynch law, D.H.4.37;

    ἡ ἐκ χ. βία Plb.9.4.6

    : metaph., ἡ ἐκ χ. θεωρία closerange reading, D.H.Isoc.2; so of time, out of hand, off-hand, forthwith, Plb.5.41.7, al.
    f

    δέπας μητρὶ ἐν χειρὶ τίθει Il.1.585

    , cf. Od.13.57, 15.120, al. (always so of a cup, hence ἐν χερσὶ τίθει δέπας, though found in most codd., was condemned by the critics in Il.l.c., Od.3.51, 15.130);

    πρεσβήϊον ἐν χερὶ θήσω Il.8.289

    ; τόξον, ἔγχος ἔχων ἐν χειρί, 15.443, 17.604;

    σκῆπτρον δέ οἱ ἔμβαλε χειρί Od.2.37

    ; but

    ἐν.. χειρὶ σκῆπτρον ἔθηκεν Il.23.568

    ; of a gift,

    ἐν χερσὶ τίθει 1.441

    , 446; ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχειν, literally, Pl.R. 432d;

    τὰ ὅπλ' ἐν ταῖς χ. ἔχων D.9.8

    , etc. (metaph.,

    ἔτι μεμνημένων ὑμῶν καὶ μόνον οὐκ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ἕκαστ' ἐχόντων Id.18.226

    ); but ἐν χερσὶν ἔχειν also, to have in hand, be engaged in,

    τὸν γάμον Hdt.1.35

    ;

    ἑορτήν Plu.Alex.13

    ;

    τὴν περὶ Δημοσθένους πραγματείαν D.H.Th.1

    ;

    ἐν χειρί τινα δίκην ἔχων Pl.Tht. 172e

    ; ὁ ἐν χερσὶ πόλεμος the war in hand, D.H.8.87; περιτειχισμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ὤν ib.21;

    ἡ ἐν χ. ζήτησις S.E.M.11.208

    , etc.; freq. of fighting, ἐν χερσί hand to hand,

    ἐν χ. ἦν ἡ μάχη Th.4.43

    ;

    ἐν χ. ἀποκτεῖναι Id.3.66

    , cf. 4.57,96, etc.;

    ἐν χ. γίγνεσθαι τοῖς ἐναντίοις Id.5.72

    ;

    ἐν χ. εἶναί τινος X.HG4.6.11

    ;

    δίκη ἐν χερσί Hes.Op. 192

    ;

    ὁ ψόφος τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τῶν ἵππων ὁ φρυαγμὸς ἐν χερσὶν ἐδόκει εἶναι D.S.19.31

    ; ἡ ἐν χερσὶν [δυστυχία] Plu.Cleom.22: also in dual,

    τἀν χεροῖν S.Ant. 1345

     (lyr.); ἐν χειρί τινος by the hand of.., LXX Jo.21.2, al.;

    ἐν χ. ἀγγέλου Act.Ap.7.35

     (v.l.).
    h κατὰ χειρός, of washing the hands before meals, ὕδωρ κατὰ χειρός (sc. φερέτω τις), Ar.V. 1216, cf.Av. 464 (anap.), Fr. 502 (lyr.), Philox. 1, Ath.9.408e; (without ὕδωρ)

    κατὰ χ. ἐδόθη Alex.261.2

    , cf. Arched. 2.3: prov. of that which is easily come by, Telecl.1.2 (anap.);

    πάντα μοι κατὰ χ. ἦν τὰ πράγματα

     at hand,

    Pherecr.146.5

    ; also κατὰ χειρῶν δοῦναι, χέειν, λαβεῖν, Philyll.3, Antiph.287 (v.l.), Men.470 (troch.), cf. Phot.s.v. κατὰ χειρὸς ὕδωρ: κατὰ χεῖρα in deed or act,

    κατὰ χ. γενναιότατοι D.H.7.6

    ; opp. συνέσει, Plu.Phil.7; κατὰ χεῖρά σου according to thy will, LXX Si.25.26: but κατὰ χεῖρας [τῆς σοφίας] by her side, ib.14.25.
    i μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχειν between, i.e. in, the hands, Il.11.4, 15.717; [

    ἄλεισον] μετὰ χ. ἐνώμα Od.22.10

    : μετὰ χεῖρας ἔχειν to have in hand, be engaged in, Hdt.7.16.β, Th.1.138.
    l

    πρὸ χειρῶν

     close before one,

    S.Ant. 1279

    , E.Tr. 1207 (s.v.l.), Rh. 274; πρὸ χειρὸς εἶναι cj. in Pl.Com.69.5.
    n ὑπὸ χερσὶ ἁλοῦσα under, i.e. by, another's hands, Il.2.374, etc.; ὑπὸ χεῖρα ποιεῖσθαι to bring under one's power, X.Ages.1.22; οἱ ὑπὸ χ. persons in one's power, D.6.34; ὑπὸ τὴν χ. ἐλθεῖν to come into one's hand, Luc.Herm.57, etc.; ὑπὸ χ. in hand, i.e. in stock, Arist.Mete. 369b33; but also, at hand, i.e. at once, Plu.2.548e; τὰ ὑπὸ χ. ib.56b, Dsc.1.35; ὁ ὑπὸ χ. the attendant, Dsc.5.75;

    παρέργως καὶ ὑπὸ χ.

     extempore,

    Plu.Arat.3

    , etc.; also καθύπο χεῖρα κινῶν [τὰς οὐσίας], in Alchemy, Ps.-Democr. p.51 B.
    III the hand often receives the attributes of the person using it, χ. μεγάλη, of Zeus, Il.15.695 (χ. παγκρατής, of God, Secund.Sent.3; χ. ὑπερμήκης, of the 'long arm' of the king, Hdt.8.140.β') ; θοὴ χ., of one throwing, Il.12.306;

    ἀφνειά Pi.O.7.1

    , cf. S.El. 458; εὐσεβεστέρα, εὐφιλής, A.Ch. 141, Ag.34; κάρβανος ib. 1061;

    γεραιά E.Hec. 143

     (anap.);

    πονηρά Id. Ion 1316

    , etc.: to denote wealth or poverty,

    πλειοτέρῃ σὺν χ. Od.11.359

    ;

    κενεὰς σὺν χ. ἔχοντες 10.42

    , cf. E.Hel. 1280, etc.
    2 it is represented as acting of itself,

    χεῖρες μαιμῶσιν Il.13.77

    , cf. S.Aj.50;

    χεὶρ ὁρᾷ τὸ δράσιμον A.Th. 554

    ;

    δήμου κρατοῦσα χ. Id.Supp. 604

     (dub. l.): prov.,

    ἁ δὲ χ. τὰν χ. νίζει Epich.273

    ; or simply,

    ἁ χ. τὰν χ. AP5.207

     (Mel.).
    3 pl., in theurgy, name for spiritual powers,

    αἱ δημιουργικαὶ [τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος] δυνάμεις ἃς θεουργῶν παῖδες χεῖρας ἀποκαλοῦσιν Procl. in Cra. p.101

     P., cf. eund. in R.2.252K.
    IV to denote act or deed, opp. mere words, in pl.,

    ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77

    ; μνῆμ' Ἑλένης χειρῶν of her handiwork, her art, Od.15.126 (so in sg.,

    δώρημ' ἐκείνῳ τἀνδρὶ τῆς ἐμῆς χ. S.Tr. 603

    );

    χερσὶν ἢ λόγῳ Id.OT 883

     (lyr.), cf. OC 1297, etc.; τῇ χειρὶ χρᾶσθαι to use one's hands, i.c. be active, stirring, opp. ἀργὸς ἐπεστάναι, Hdt.3.78, cf. 9.72; τὰς χ. προσφέρειν to apply force, X.Mem.2.6.31: sg.,

    βούλευμα μὲν τὸ Δῖον, Ἡφαίστου δὲ χείρ A.Pr. 619

    ; μιᾷ χειρί single-handed, D.21.219;

    χειρὶ καὶ ποδὶ καὶ πάσῃ δυνάμει Aeschin.3.109

    , cf. 2.115;

    χερσίν τε ποσίν τε Il.20.360

    , cf. Pi.O.10(11).62, esp. of using the hands in a fight, cf. supr. 11.6d, e, f; of deeds of violence, πρὶν χειρῶν γεύσασθαι before we try force, Od.20.181; ἀδίκων χ. ἄρχειν to give the first blow, X.Cyr.1.5.13, Antipho 4.2.1, Lys.4.11, etc.;

    ἀμυνόμενος ἄρχοντα χειρῶν Pl.Lg. 869d

    : generally, χεῖρες violent measures, force,

    ἐπίσχετε θυμὸν ἐνιπῆς καὶ χειρῶν Od.20.267

    ;

    ὑπόδικος χερῶν A.Eu. 260

     (lyr.);

    χερσὶ πεποιθώς Il.16.624

    , etc.; ἐν χειρῶν νόμῳ v. supr. 11.6d; ὅπως θανάτοιο βαρείας χ. ἀλάλκοι, v.l. for κῆρας, Il.21.548.
    V a number, band, body of men, esp. of soldiers,

    χεὶρ μεγάλη Hdt.7.157

    ; in dat.,

    οὐ σὺν μεγάλῃ χ. Id.5.72

    ;

    πολλῇ χ. 1.174

    , Th.3.96, E.Heracl. 337; pleon.,

    χ. μεγάλῃ πλήθεος Hdt.7.20

    ;

    δεδωμάτωμαι δ' οὐδ' ἐγὼ σμικρᾷ χερί A.Supp. 958

    ; οἰκεία χείρ, for χεὶρ οἰκετῶν, E.El. 629;

    σὺν πλήθει χερῶν S.OT 123

    .
    VI handwriting,

    τὴν ἑαυτοῦ χεῖρα ἀρνήσασθαι Hyp.Lyc.Fr.5

    , cf. IG9(1).189 ([place name] Phocis); τῇ ἐμῇ χ. Παύλου I Ep. Cor.16.21, Ep.Col.4.18: copy, counterpart of a document, SIG712.31 (Crete, ii B.C.); deed, instrument,

    ἡ χ. ἥδε κυρία ἔστω PRein.28.18

     (ii B.C.), cf. PCair.Zen. 477 (iii B.C.), etc.
    b handiwork of an artist or workman,

    γλαφυρὰ χ. Theoc.Epigr.8.5

    , etc.;

    αἱ Ἐφεσίου χεῖρες Herod.4.72

    , cf. 6.66;

    σοφαὶ χέρες APl.4.262

    ;

    τὰς Φειδίου χ. Lib.Or. 30.22

    .
    VII of any implement resembling a hand:
    1 a kind of gauntlet, X.Eq.12.5, Poll.1.135 (pl.).
    2 χ. σιδηρᾶ grappling-iron, Th.4.25, 7.62; also of an anchor, AP6.38 (Phil.).
    3 axle-tree, LXX 3 Ki.7.18(32).
    4 in LXX, pillar or cairn, as it were a finger pointing to heaven,

    χεὶρ Ἀβεσσαλώμ LXX 2 Ki.18.18

    ; also ἀνέστακεν αὐτῷ χεῖρα, i.e. trophy, ib. 1 Ki.15.12.
    5 χεῖρες ἐλάτιναι, of oars, Tim.Pers.7.
    6 catch of a trigger, Hero Aut.13.9;

    χ. κατάγουσα τὴν τοξῖτιν Ph.Bel. 68.4

    , cf. Hero Bel.78.2.
    7 instrument of torture, LXX 4 Ma.8.13.
    IX ointment containing five ingredients, Orib.Fr.89, Alex. Trall.7.1. (Cf. Arm. jein ( dzern), Alb. dore, Tocharian (A-dialect) tsar, (B-dialect) sar, all = hand.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > χείρ

  • 10 τέλος

    τέλος, ους, τό (Hom.+)
    ① a point of time marking the end of a duration, end, termination, cessation (Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130 §139 Jac. τέλος τ. Βίου Καίσαρος; TestAbr A 1 p. 78, 5 [Stone p. 4] τῆς ζωῆς; Maximus Tyr. 13, 9d ἀπιστίας) τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἔσται τέλος Lk 1:33. μήτε ἀρχὴν ἡμερῶν μήτε ζωῆς τέλος ἔχων Hb 7:3. τὸ τέλος τοῦ καταργουμένου the end of the fading (splendor) 2 Cor 3:13. τέλος νόμου Χριστός Ro 10:4 (perh. 3 below). πάντων τὸ τέλος ἤγγικεν the end of all things is near 1 Pt 4:7. τὸ τ. Ἰερουσαλήμ GPt 7:25. τὸ τέλος κυρίου Js 5:11 is oft. (fr. Augustine to ABischoff, ZNW 7, 1906, 274–79) incorrectly taken to mean the end=the death (this is what τέλος means e.g. TestAbr A 4, p. 81, 14 [Stone p. 10]; Appian, Syr. 64 §342, Bell. Civ. 1, 107 §501; 3, 98 §408; Arrian, Anab. 3, 22, 2; 7, 24, 1) of the Lord Jesus (s. 3 below). τ̣ὸ̣ [τέλο]ς (or τ̣ε̣[λο]ς) τῶν φαινο[με]νων (Till’s rdg. of Ox 1081, 29f after the Coptic SJCh 90, 6, in place of τ̣ὸ̣ [φῶ]ς τῶν φαινο[μέ]νων) the end of the things that are apparent. τέλος ἔχειν have an end, be at an end (X., An. 6, 5, 2; Pla., Phdr. 241d, Rep. 3, 392c; Diod S 14, 18, 8; 16, 91, 2) Mk 3:26 (opp. στῆναι). The possibility of repenting ἔχει τέλος is at an end Hv 2, 2, 5. Of the consummation that comes to prophecies when they are fulfilled (Xenophon Eph. 5, 1, 13; Jos., Ant. 2, 73; 4, 125; 10, 35; SibOr 3, 211): revelations Hv 3, 3, 2. So perh. τὸ περὶ ἐμοῦ τέλος ἔχει the references (in the Scriptures) to me are being fulfilled Lk 22:37; also prob. is my life’s work is at an end (cp. Diod S 20, 95, 1 τέλος ἔχειν of siege-machines, the construction of which entailed a great deal of hard work: be completed; Plut., Mor. 615e; Jos., Vi. 154).
    ② the last part of a process, close, conclusion, esp. of the last things, the final act in the cosmic drama (Sb 8422, 10 [7 B.C.] τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι τέλος; TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 19 [Stone p. 32] τῆς κρίσεως ἐκείνης τὸ τέλος; ApcEsdr 3:13 ἐγγύς ἐστιν τὸ τέλος; Iren., 1, 10, 3 [Harv. I 96, 8] περὶ τοῦ τ. καὶ τῶν μέλλόντων)
    ⓐ Mt 24:6, 14; Mk 13:7; Lk 21:9; PtK 2 p. 13, 22. Perh. 1 Cor 15:24, if ἔσται is to be supplied w. εἶτα τὸ τέλος then the end will come (so JHéring, RHPR 12, ’33, 300–320; s. below, bα and 4). ἔχει τέλος the end is here Hv 3, 8, 9. On τὰ τέλη τῶν αἰώνων 1 Cor 10:11 s. αἰών 2b and 5 below; also MBogle, ET 67, ’56, 246f: τ.=‘mystery’.—PVolz, D. Eschatologie d. jüd. Gemeinde im ntl. Zeitalter ’34; Bousset, Rel.3 202–301; EHaupt, Die eschatol. Aussagen Jesu in den synopt. Evangelien 1895; HSharman, The Teaching of Jesus about the Future acc. to the Synopt. Gospels 1909; FSpitta, Die grosse eschatol. Rede Jesu: StKr 82, 1909, 348–401; EvDobschütz, The Eschatology of the Gospels 1910, Zur Eschatol. der Ev.: StKr 84, 1911, 1–20; PCorssen, Das apokalypt. Flugblatt in der synopt. überl.: Wochenschr. für klass. Philol. 32, 1915, nos. 30f; 33f; DVölter, Die eschat. Rede Jesu: SchTZ 32, 1915, 180–202; KWeiss (s. τελέω 1); JWeiss, Das Urchristent. 1917, 60–98; JJeremias, Jesus als Weltvollender 1930; WKümmel, Die Eschatologie der Ev.: ThBl 15, ’36, 225–41, Verheissg. u. Erfüllg. ’45; CCadoux, The Historic Mission of Jesus ’41 (eschat. of the synoptics); HPreisker, Das Ethos des Urchristentums ’49; AStrobel, Untersuchungen zum eschat. Verzögerungsproblem, ’61. Billerb. IV 799–976. S. also ἀνάστασις 2b, end.—In contrast to ἀρχή: B 1:6ab; IEph 14:1ab; IMg 13:1. Of God Rv 1:8 v.l.; 21:6; 22:13 (Ar. 4, 2; Just., D. 7, 2; Mel., P. 105, 113f; s. also ἀρχή 2).
    ⓑ adverbial expressions
    α. adv. acc. τὸ τέλος finally (Pla. et al.; BGU 1024 VII, 23; B-D-F §160; s. Rob. 486–88; Theoph. Ant. 1, 14 [p. 92, 8].—The customary use in this case is τέλος without the art.: ViAm 1 [p. 81, 11 Sch.]) 1 Pt 3:8. εἶτα τὸ τέλος 1 Cor 15:24 is classed here by Hofmann2; FBurkitt, JTS 17, 1916, 384f; KBarth, Die Auferstehung der Toten2 1926, 96 (s. 2a above and 4 below).
    β. to the end, to the last: ἄχρι τέλους Hb 6:11; Rv 2:26; ἕως τέλους (Da 6:27 Theod.; JosAs 12:3) 1 Cor 1:8; 2 Cor 1:13 (here, too, it means to the end=until the parousia [Windisch, Sickenberger, NRSV] rather than ‘fully’ [Ltzm., Hdb.; RSV ’46]); Hs 9, 27, 3; μέχρι τέλους (Phocylides [VI B.C.] 17 Diehl3 ἐξ ἀρχῆς μέχρι τέλους; Chariton 4, 7, 8; Appian, Mithrid. 112 §550; Polyaenus 4, 6, 11; POxy 416, 3; PTebt 420, 18; Wsd 16:5; 19:1; Jos., Vi. 406) Hb 3:6 v.l., 14; Dg 10:7. S. also εἰς τέλος (γ below).
    γ. εἰς τέλος in the end, finally (Hdt. 3, 40 et al.; PTebt 38, 11 [113 B.C.]; 49, 12; Gen 46:4; GrBar 13:2; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 18, 2) Lk 18:5. σωθῆναι 2 Cl 19:3.—To the end, until the end (Epict. 1, 7, 17; Jos., Ant. 19, 96; JosAs 23:5) Mt 10:22; 24:13; Mk 13:13; IEph 14:2; IRo 10:3.—Forever, through all eternity (Dionys. Hal. 13, 88, 3; Ps 9:19; 76:9; 1 Ch 28:9; Da 3:34) ἔφθασεν ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ἡ ὀργὴ εἰς τέλος 1 Th 2:16 (s. also below and cp. TestLevi 6:11, concerning which there is a variety of opinion). εἰς τέλος ἀπολέσαι τὴν ζωήν lose one’s life forever Hs 8, 8, 5b.—Decisively, extremely, fully, altogether (Polyb. 1, 20, 7; 10; 12, 27, 3 and oft.; Diod S 18, 57, 1 ταπεινωθέντες εἰς τ.=ruined utterly; Lucian, Philop. 14; Appian, Bell. Mithr. 44 §174; OGI 90, 12 [II B.C.]; PTebt 38, 11 [II B.C.]; 49, 11; 793 [s. οὖς 1]; Josh 8:24; 2 Ch 12:12; Ps 73:1; Job 6:9; PsSol 1:1; TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 23 [Stone p. 32]; ApcMos 19; Jos., Vi. 24; Just., A I, 44, 12; Diodorus on Ps 51:7: MPG 33, 1589b εἰς τέλος τουτέστι παντελῶς) 1 Th 2:16 ( forever is also prob.; s. above); B 4:7; 10:5; 19:11. ἱλαρὰ εἰς τέλος ἦν she was quite cheerful Hv 3, 10, 5. Cp. 3, 7, 2; m 12, 2, 3; Hs 6, 2, 3; 8, 6, 4; 8, 8, 2; 5a; 8, 9, 3; 9, 14, 2.—For εἰς τέλος ἠγάπησεν αὐτούς J 13:1 s. εἰς 3.
    δ. ἐν τέλει at the end (opp. πρὸ αἰώνων) IMg 6:1.
    ③ the goal toward which a movement is being directed, end, goal, outcome (Dio Chrys. 67 [17], 3; Epict. 1, 30, 4; 3, 24, 7; Maximus Tyr. 20, 3b; Jos., Ant. 9, 73; TestAsh 1:3; ἡ θεία παίδευσις καὶ εἰσαγωγὴν ἔχει καὶ προκοπὴν καὶ τ. Did., Gen. 69, 9) Mt 26:58. τὸ τέλος κυρίου the outcome which the Lord brought about in the case of Job’s trials Js 5:11 (Diod S 20, 13, 3 τὸ δαιμόνιον τοῖς ὑπερηφάνως διαλογιζομένοις τὸ τέλος τῶν κατελπισθέντων εἰς τοὐναντίον μετατίθησιν=the divinity, in the case of the arrogant, turns the outcome of what they hoped for to the opposite.—On Js 5:11 s. 1 above). τὸ τέλος τῆς παραγγελίας ἐστὶν ἀγάπη the instruction has love as its aim 1 Ti 1:5 (Ἐπίκουρος … λέγων τὸ τ. τῆς σοφίας εἶναι ἡδονήν Hippol., Ref. 1, 22, 4. τ.=‘goal’ or ‘purpose’: Epict. 1, 20, 15; 4, 8, 12; Diog. L. 2, 87; Just., D. 2, 6). Perh. this is the place for Ro 10:4, in the sense that Christ is the goal and the termination of the law at the same time, somewhat in the sense of Gal 3:24f (schol. on Pla., Leg. 625d τέλος τῶν νόμων=goal of the laws; Plut., Mor. 780e δίκη … νόμου τέλος ἐστί; FFlückiger, TZ 11, ’55, 153–57; difft. RJewett, Int 39, ’85, 341–56, Christ as goal but without repudiation of the law; cp. SBechtler, CBQ 56, ’94, 288–308); s. 1.—Esp. also of the final goal toward which pers. and things are striving, of the outcome or destiny which awaits them in accordance w. their nature (TestAsh 6:4; Philo, Exs. 162, Virt. 182; Just., A II, 3, 7; Ath., R. 24 p. 77, 19; Aelian, VH 3, 43; Alciphron 4, 7, 8; Procop. Soph., Ep. 154; τὸ τ. ὁρόμου Orig., C. Cels. 7, 52, 6) τὸ τέλος ἐκείνων θάνατος … τὸ τέλος ζωὴν αἰώνιον Ro 6:21f. Cp. 2 Cor 11:15; Phil 3:19 (HKoester, NTS 8, ’61/62, 325f): perh. a play on a mystery term; 1 Pt 4:17 (cp. 2 Macc 7:30–38); Hb 6:8. κομιζόμενοι τὸ τέλος τῆς πίστεως 1 Pt 1:9. τέλος τὰ πράγματα ἔχει all things have a goal or final destiny (i.e. death or life) IMg 5:1 (τέλος ἔχειν as Plut., Mor. 382e; Polyaenus 4, 2, 11 τέλος οὐκ ἔσχεν ἡ πρᾶξις=did not reach its goal; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 181, Ant. 17, 185.—Ael. Aristid. 52 p. 597 D.: τὸ τέλος πάντων πραγμάτων). εἰς τέλος εἶναι be at = reach the goal IRo 1:1 (εἰς for ἐν; s. εἰς 1aδ).
    ④ last in a series, rest, remainder (Aristot. De Gen. Anim. 1, 18 p. 725b, 8; Is 19:15. Of a military formation Arrian, Tact. 10, 5; 18, 4), if τὸ τέλος 1 Cor 15:24 is to be taken, w. JWeiss and Ltzm., of a third and last group (τάγμα 1b; s. 2a and 2bα above).
    ⑤ revenue obligation, (indirect) tax, toll-tax, customs duties (X., Pla. et al.; ins, pap; 1 Macc 10:31; 11:35; Jos., Ant. 12, 141) ἀποδιδόναι τὸ τέλος Ro 13:7b; cp. a (w. φόρος as Appian, Sicil. 2, 6, Bell. Civ. 2, 13 §47; Vi. Aesopi W 92; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 10, 22. Pl. w. εἰσφοραί Theoph. Ant. 1, 10 [p. 80, 19]). λαμβάνειν τέλη ἀπό τινος Mt 17:25 (w. κῆνσος; Just., A I, 27, 2).—τὰ τέλη τ. αἰώνων 1 Cor 10:11 is transl. the (spiritual) revenues of the ages by ASouter (Pocket Lex. of the NT 1916, s.v. τέλος) and PMacpherson, ET 55, ’43/44, 222 (s. 2a above).—GDelling, TW VIII, 50–88: τέλος and related words, also ZNW 55, ’64, 26–42=Studien zum NT, ’70, 17–31.—B. 802; 979. Schmidt, Syn. IV 496–523. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > τέλος

  • 11 ἡγεμών

    ἡγεμών, όνος, ὁ (ἡγέομαι), eigtl. der Vorangehende, der vorangeht u. dadurch den Weg zeigt u. die Anderen ihm zu folgen veranlaßt, Od. 10, 505; ἡγεμόν' ἐσϑλὸν ὄπασσον, ὅς κέ με κεῖσ' ἀγάγῃ 15, 310; ἐμοὶ γὰρ οὗτος ἡγεμών Soph. Ant. 1001; ποδὸς τυφλοῦ Eur. Phoen. 1610; geradezu Wegweiser, Her. 5, 14; Xen. An. 4, 2, 1; mit dem Zusatz τῆς ὁδοῦ, Eur. Hec. 281; ἡγεμόνες ἐγένοντο τῷ βαρβάρῳ Her. 8, 31; ὁδοῦ λαβεῖν ἡγεμόνα Xen. Mem. 1, 3, 4; τοῦ πλοῦ, der Lootse, Thuc. 7, 50. – Bes. der im Kriege vorangeht, der Führer, Heerführer, Feldherr, Il. 2, 476 u. öfter; Ggstz λαοί, 2, 365, u. πληϑύς, 11, 304; ἵππου μελαίνης ἡγεμὼν τριςμυρίας Aesch. Pers. 307; ἡγεμὼν ὁ πρέσβυς νεῶν Ἀχαϊκῶν Ag. 177; Λάϊός ποϑ' ἡγεμὼν γῆς τῆςδε, der König, Soph. O. R. 103; auch von Wagenlenkern, ἐξ ὁδοῦ μ' ὅ ϑ' ἡγεμὼν αὐτός ϑ' ὁ πρέσβυς ἠλαυνέτην ihd. 804; in Prosa, στρατηγὸς καὶ ἡγεμὼν τῶν Ἑλλήνων πρὸς τὸν βάρβαρον Her. 7, 158, Heerführer, u. zwar der Oberanführer der gesammten Griechen; τῶν πολέμων 9, 33; ἔχοντες ἡγεμόνας τῶν πάνυ στρατηγῶν Thuc. 8, 89; ὁ μέγας ἡγεμὼν ἐν οὐρανῷ Ζεύς Plat. Phaedr. 246 e; ὧν ὁ Ἔρως ἡμῖν ἡγ. καὶ στρατηγός Conv. 193 b; τῆς πόλεως Alc. 1, 120 a; allgemeiner, der zu Etwas anleitet, dadurch, daß er Etwas zuerst thut, zum Nachthun Veranlassung giebt, καὶ διδάσκαλος Menex. 240 d; Rep. X, 595 c; οὗτοι γὰρ ἡμῖν ὥςπερ πατέρες τῆς σοφίας εἰσὶ καὶ ἡγεμόνες Lys. 214 a; τοὺς ἐμπειρίᾳ τε καὶ ἡλικίᾳ ἱκανοὺς ἡγεμόνας τε καὶ παιδαγωγοὺς εἶναι Rep. V, 467 d; πόνους τοῦ ζῆν ἡδέως ἡγεμόνας νομίζετε Xen. Cyr. 1, 5, 12; ἀχαριστία πρὸς πάντα τὰ αἰσχρὰ ἡγ. 1, 2, 7; Sp. Auch von Thieren, ἡγεμόνες ἀνϑρηνῶν, μελιττῶν, σφηκῶν, Arist. H. A. 8, 42, die Weiser. – Adjectivisch u. dah. auch im fem. gebraucht, ναῦς ἡγεμών Aesch. Suppl. 703; ἄνδρα ἡγεμόνα Plat. Critia. 118 e; τοῖς περὶ τὰ στήϑη τῆς ψυχῆς ἡγεμόσιν ἕπεσϑαι μέρεσιν Tim. 91 c; πρὸς πρώτην τὴν τῆς ξυμπάσης ἡγεμόνα ἀρετῆς Legg. III, 688 b; δόξα ἀληϑὴς πρὸς ὀρϑότητα πράξεως οὐδὲν χείρων ἡγ. φρονήσεως Men. 97 b; ἀχαριστία μεγίστη ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ αἰσχρὰ ἡγεμών Xen. Cyr. 1, 2, 7; Sp.; vgl. Lob. zu Phryn. 452. – Nach Poll. 4, 148 eine besondere Klasse der Sklaven, die vorangehen. – In der Metrik heißt so der Pyrrhichius, D. Hal., z. B. C. V. p. 218, Schäf.

    Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > ἡγεμών

  • 12 ἡγεμών

    ἡγεμών, [dialect] Dor. [pref] ἁγ-, [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἀγίμων IG12(2).164 (Mytil.), al., όνος, ὁ; also ἡ, Pi.I.8(7).22, A.Supp. 722, Aeschin.1.171, X.Oec. (infr. 11):—
    A one who leads; and so,
    I in Od., guide, 10.505, 15.310, Hdt.5.14, S.Ant. 1014, Pl.Men. 97b;

    ἡγεμόνες γενέσθαι τινὶ τῆς ὁδοῦ Hdt.8.31

    , cf. E.Hec. 281, X.Mem.1.3.4;

    ἡ. ποδὸς τυφλοῦ E.Ph. 1616

    ;

    ἡγεμόνες τοῦ πλοῦ Th.7.50

    ; of a charioteer, S.OT 804.
    2 one who does a thing first, shows the way to others,

    τοῖς νεωτέροις ἡ. ἠθῶν χρηστῶν γίγνεσθαι Pl.Lg. 670e

    ;

    πατέρες τῆς σοφίας καὶ ἡ. Id.Ly. 214a

    ;

    πόνους τοῦ ζῆν ἡδέως ἡγεμόνας νομίζετε X.Cyr.1.5.12

    ;

    τῆς εἰρήνης ἡ. D.18.24

    ; [

    ἀχαριστία] ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ αἰσχρὰ ἡ. X.Cyr.1.2.7

    : abs., of choir-leaders, Mnemos.47.253 (Argos, ii/i B.C.).
    II in Il., leader, commander, chief, opp. λαοί, πληθύς, 2.365, 11.304: c. gen., ἡγεμόνες Δαναῶν, φυλάκων, etc., 2.487, 9.85, cf. Hdt.6.43, 7.62, al.; στρατηγὸς καὶ ἡ. τῶν 'Ελλήνων πρὸς τὸν βάρβαρον ib. 158;

    ἡ. τῶν πολέμων Id.9.33

    ; ἔχοντες ἡγεμόνας τῶν πάνυ [στρατηγῶν] Th.8.89; = λοχαγός, Arr.Tact. 5.6;

    ἡ. τῶν ἐν προχειρισμῷ PAmh.2.39

     (ii B.C.); chief, sovereign, Pi.I. 8(7).22, etc.;

    ἡ. γῆς τῆσδε S.OT 103

    , cf. OC 289;

    πάντων.. καὶ αὐτοῦ βασιλέως ἡ. X.HG3.5.14

    ;

    ἡ. συμμορίας D.21.157

    ; of the queen-bee and queen-wasp, regarded by Arist. as males, Arist.HA 553a25, 629a3 (but

    ἡ τῶν μελισσῶν ἡ. X.Oec.7.32

    , cf. 38); ὁ ἡ. τῶν προβάτων, of the bell-wether, Arist.HA 573b24; τῶν βοῶν ib. 575b1;

    νέμειν τὰ κρέα τοῦ ἡγεμόνος βοός SIG144.36

     (Piraeus, iv B.C.), cf. X.HG6.4.29.
    b ἡ. χοροῦ leader of a chorus, Poll.4.106;

    παῖδες ἡ. IG7.3196

     (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.); president of a gymnasium, ib.3.1086, al.
    c a Roman Emperor, Str.4.3.2, Plu.Cic.2, al.; as translation of princeps, Mon.Anc.Gr.7.9; ἡ. νεότητος, = Lat. princeps juventutis, ib.18; a provincial governor, Str.17.3.25, Ev.Matt.27.2, Act.Ap.23.24: freq. of the praefectus Aegypti, PRyl.119.4 (i A.D.), etc.; ἡ. ἀμφοτέρων, i.e. of Upper and Lower Egypt, POxy.39.6 (i A.D.);

    ἡ. Κύπρου

     Tab. Defix.Aud.

    25.13

     (iii A.D.).
    2 as Adj.,

    ἀνήρ Pl.Criti. 119a

    ; [ ναῦς], of the flagship, A.Supp. 722;

    ἡ. τῆς φυλῆς κορυφαῖος D.21.60

     (s.v.l.);

    ἡ. πόδες Arist.HA 490b5

    , IA 713b32: as neut.,

    ἡγεμόσι μέρεσι Pl.Ti. 91e

    .
    III in Prosody, = πυρρίχιος, D.H.Comp.17, Dem.47.
    IV ἡγεμόνες, [dialect] Dor. ἁγ-, αἱ, in Architecture, coping-tiles of the roof, IG22.463.70, 1627.303, 4.1484.100 (Epid.).
    V a kind of fish, = ἡγητήρ 2, Plu.2.980f.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἡγεμών

  • 13 ἀπαρχή

    ἀπαρχή, ῆς, ἡ (cp. ἀπάρχομαι ‘make a beginning’ in sacrifice; orig. of hair cut from the forehead and cast into the fire Il. 19, 254; Od. 14, 422 al., hence ἀπαρχή=‘beginning of a sacrifice’ Eur., Or. 96; such sacrifices would begin with ‘firstlings’ or ‘first fruits’, freq. distinguished also for quality) (Soph., Hdt. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; PsSol 15:3; Test12Patr, Philo, Joseph.; Celsus 8, 33)
    ① cultic t.t. first fruits, first portion of any kind (incl. animals, both domesticated and wild [for the latter Arrian, Cyneg. 33, 1]), which were holy to the divinity and were consecrated before the rest could be put to secular use (cp. Theopomp. [IV B.C.]:115 Fgm. 344 Jac. p. 608, 5; Cornutus 28 p. 55, 9; Ael. Aristid. 45 p. 136 D.; Theophyl. Sym., Ep. 29 Πανὶ τοῦ ποιμνίου τὰς ἀπαρχάς; OGI 179, 12 [I B.C.]; PSI 690, 14; Porphyr., Abst. 2, 61 θεοῖς ἀρίστη μὲν ἀπαρχὴ νοῦς καθαρός; SEG XLII, 17 lit.).
    ⓐ lit. εἰ ἡ ἀ. ἁγία, καὶ τὸ φύραμα if the first fruits ( of dough) are holy, so is the whole lump Ro 11:16 (on first fruits of bread dough, Num 15:18–21, cp. The Mishnah, tr. HDanby ’58 [’33] 83–88 [Hallah]). In full ἀ. γεννημάτων ληνοῦ καὶ ἅλωνος, βοῶν τε καὶ προβάτων the first fruits of the produce of winepress and threshing floor, of cattle and sheep D 13:3, cp. 5f (s. Ex 22:28); ἀ. τῆς ἅλω 1 Cl 29:3. Assigned to a prophet, as to the priests and seers among the gentiles (Artem. 3, 3) and in the OT to the priest D 13:3, 6f.
    ⓑ fig., w. the components of a above strongly felt
    α. of persons first fruits of Christians ἀ. τῆς Ἀσίας, i.e. the first convert in Asia Ro 16:5. ἀ. τῆς Ἀχαί̈ας 1 Cor 16:15. Also 2 Th 2:13 (v.l. ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς) the first converts of Thessalonica (so Harnack, SBBerlAk 1910, 575ff); pl. 1 Cl 42:4. Gener. ἀ. τις τῶν αὐτοῦ κτισμάτων a kind of first fruits of his creatures Js 1:18 (cp. Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 180 of the Jews: τοῦ σύμπαντος ἀνθρώπων γένους ἀπενεμήθη οἷά τις ἀπαρχὴ τῷ ποιητῇ καὶ πατρί; Alex. Aphr., Fat. 1, II 2 p. 164, 10 τινὰ ἀπαρχὴν τῶν ἡμετέρων καρπῶν=a sort of first fruit of our [spiritual] harvest. LElliott-Binns, NTS 3, ’56/57, 148–61). Here as Rv 14:4 the emphasis is less on chronological sequence than on quality (schol. on Eur., Or. 96 ἀπαρχὴ ἐλέγετο οὐ μόνον τ. πρῶτον τῇ τάξει, ἀλλὰ καὶ τ. πρῶτον τ. τιμῇ). The orig. mng. is greatly weakened, so that ἀ. becomes almost = πρῶτος; of Christ ἀ. τῶν κεκοιμημένων the first of those who have fallen asleep 1 Cor 15:20; cp. vs. 23 (HMontefiore, When Did Jesus Die? ET 62, ’60, 53f; s. also BSpörlein, Die Leugnung der Auferstehung, ’71 [ 1 Cor 15]); 1 Cl 24:1.
    β. of things (Dio Chrys. 54 [71], 2 ἀπαρχαὶ τῆς σοφίας) τὴν ἀ. τοῦ πνεύματος ἔχοντες since we possess the first fruits of the Spirit, i.e. as much of the Spirit as has been poured out so far and a foretaste of things to come Ro 8:23 (cp. Thieme 25f), but s. 2 below. διδόναι ἀπαρχὰς γεύσεώς τινος give a foretaste of someth. B 1:7.—ESanders, Jewish Law fr. Jesus to the Mishnah ’90, 283–308.
    ② birth-certificate also suits the context of Ro 8:23; cp. Mitt-Wilck. II/2, 372, 4, 7; PFlor 57, 81; 86; 89; PTebt 316, 10; 49; 82; HJones, JTS 23, 1922, 282f; RTaubenschlag, Opera Minora 2, ’59, 220–21 (identification card); L-S-J-M s.v. 7.—HBeer, Ἀπαρχή, diss., Würzb. 1914; EMoutsonlas: Sacris erudiri XV 5–14 (Steenbrugge, ’64); COke, Int 11, ’57, 455–60.—DELG s.v. ἄρχω A. O. Wilck I 345f §140. EDNT. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀπαρχή

  • 14 ἄγαμαι

    ἄγαμαι (Α-ΓΑ, γαίω, vgl. ἄγαν), ἄγασαι Xen. Cyr. 3, 1, 15; ep. auch (von ἀγάομαι) ἀγάασϑαι, ἀγάασϑε, ἠγάασϑε, ἀγώμενος Hes. Th. 619; s. auch ἀγαίομαι; fut. ἀγάσομαι, ep. ἀγάσσομαι; aor. ἠγάσϑην, ep. ἠγασάμην, ἀγάσσασϑαι, doch auch Dem. 18, 204, ἀγάσαιτο. – 1) bewundern, οὔτε λίην ἄγα-μαι Od. 23, 175, οὔτε τι ϑαυμάζειν περιώσιον οὔτ' ἀγάασϑαι 16, 263, abs. ὑπερφιάλως ἀγάσαντο, staunten, 18, 71; oft μῦϑον ἀγασσάμενοι, worin zugleich gut heißen liegt; ὡς σέ, γύναι, ἄγ. τε τέϑηπά τε Od. 6, 168; – δύνασιν ἀγασϑείς Pind. P. 4, 238; cf Her. 4, 46. 8, 144; Plat. Prot. 361 e; Xen. Cyr. 7, 3, 6; Isocr. Pan. 84; bes. oft Plut. u. Ep. neben u. für ϑαυμάζειν; – τινός, Eur. Rhes. 245; Arist. Ach. 489; Xen. Oec. 4, 21 Mem. 2, 6, 34; Plat. Gorg. 526 a; Dem. 18, 264. 66, 26, s. nachher; – τινί, Her. πυρίῃ ἀγάμενοι 4, 75, Freude habend an; Xen. Cyr. 6, 4, 9; 2, 4, 9 τούτοις, οἷς ἀγασϑείη, kann Attraction sein; τῷ ἔργῳ Plat. Conv. 179 c, wo jedoch einige mss. ἕργον haben; ἐπί τινι Ath. XIII, 594 c. – Häufiger in Prosa, u. com., vgl. B. A. 335, mit dem gen. der Person, schätzen u. lieben, wo die Sache a) im acc. steht: Γοργίου ταῦτα ἀγ. Plat. Men. 95 c; αὐτοῦ τὴν φύσιν theaet. 142 c; σ οῦ πολλά Xen. Conv. 8, 12; doch auch umgekehrt: τούτους τῆς ἀνδρείας Plat. Rep. IV, 426 d; τινὰ τῆς πραότητος Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 21; τῆς σοφίας αὐτοῖν Plat. Euthyd. 276 d; – b) ein Satz folgt: ἀγ. σοῦ ὅτι Plat. Hipp. mai. 221 e; Xen. Ag. 8, 4; ἀγ. σοῠ, διότι οὐ προείλου Mem. 4, 2, 9; τοῦ πατρός, ὅσα πέπραχε Cyr. 3, 1, 15; – c) c. partic., Ἐρασίνου οὐ προδιδόντος τοὺς πολιήτας Her. 6, 76; αὐτοῠ εἰπόντος ἀγασϑείς Plat. Rep. I, 823 d. – 2) im schlimmen Sinn: aufgebracht sein gegen Jemand, zürnen (vgl. ἀγαίομαι, VLL. ὀργίζεσϑαι), Hom. ἀγασσάμενοι περὶ νίκης Il. 23, 633, u. τινί, Ποσειδάων' ἀγάσασϑαι ἡμῖν Od. 8, 565, ϑεαῖςἀγάασϑε παρ' ἀν-δράσιν εὐνάζεσϑαι, darüber, daß sie, 5, 113; vgl. Il. 17, 71; mit acc. Od. 2, 67 ἀγασσάμενοι κακὰ ἕργα, 23, 64 ὕβριν ἀγασσάμενος ϑυμαλγέα καὶ κακὰ ἔργα. Hierher zieht man auch Odyss. 16, 249 ὅτε δή μιν πάντες ἀγασσάμεϑ' ἐξερέοντες, s. Scholl.

    Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > ἄγαμαι

  • 15 ἐπίδειξις

    ἐπίδειξις, [dialect] Ion. [full] ἐπίδεξις, εως, ἡ,
    A showing forth, making known, τοῦτο ἐς ἐ. ἀνθρώπων ἀπίκετο became notorious, Hdt.2.46.
    2. exhibition, display, demonstration,

    τῆς δυνάμεως Th.6.31

    ; ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι, of a military demonstration, Id.3.16; ἓν τοῦτ' ἦν τῆς ἐ. showing off, Pl. Grg. 447c: generally, ἐ. ποιήσασθαι ᾗ.. exhibit how.., Id.Phd. 99d; ἐλθεῖν εἰς ἐπίδειξίν τινι come to display oneself to one, Ar.Nu. 269; ἡ ἐ. (sc. τοῦ κάλλους) X.Mem.3.11.2;

    ἐ. ποιήσασθαι τῆς σοφίας Arist. Pol. 1259a19

    .
    3. esp.

    λόγων ἐ. ποιεῖσθαι D.18.280

    : abs., set speech, declamation, Th.3.42;

    ἐ. ποιήσασθαι Pl.Grg. 447c

    , cf. Isoc.4.17, 5.17: pl., SIG577.53 (Milet., iii/ii B.C.), 775.3 (Delph., i B.C.).
    b. name of a trireme at Athens, IG22.1623.144.
    4. proof, Men.161.2 (pl.), PTaur.1.1 vii 7 (pl., ii B.C.), etc.
    II. example, ἐπίδειξις Ἑλλάδι an example to Greece, E.Ph. 871; ἐπίδειξιν ποιεῖσθαί τινι ὡς.. give a sign or proof that.., Aeschin.1.47.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπίδειξις

  • 16 μεγαλεῖος

    μεγαλεῖος, α, ον (s. next entry; X. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; comp. μεγαλειότερος Just., A II, 10, 1) ‘magnificent, splendid, grand’ in our lit. only subst. of what impresses mind or spirit: τὸ μ. greatness, sublimity (Polyb. 3, 87, 5; 8, 1, 1; Artem. 3 p. 169, 1 τὸ μ. τῆς σοφίας; SIG 798, 4 [37 A.D.]; Sir 17:8; TestJob; TestLevi 11:6; Philo; Jos., Ant. 8, 49; 15, 187; Just., A II, 3, 3) τῆς ἐπαγγελίας 1 Cl 26:1. τὸ μ. τῆς καλλονῆς αὐτοῦ its (or God’s) sublime beauty 49:3.—Pl. τὰ μ. the mighty deeds (Dt 11:2; Ps 70:19; Sir 36:7; 42:21) τὰ μ. τοῦ θεοῦ Ac 2:11; cp. Hv 4, 2, 5; Hs 9, 18, 2. Abs. v 4, 1, 8. Of the great and good deeds of God (TestJob 51:4) Lk 1:49 v.l. (cp. Ps 70:19). πηλίκα μεγαλεῖα ἐδόθη αὐτῷ what great deeds he was granted to perform (by God’s grace) AcPl Ha 6, 13. μ. τῶν δωρεῶν the greatness of (God’s) gifts 1 Cl 32:1.—DELG s.v. μέγας. M-M. TW. Spicq. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μεγαλεῖος

  • 17 πρυτανεῖον

    πρυτανεῖον, τό, ion. πρυτανήϊον, 1) das öffentliche Gebäude in den Städten der Griechen, welches den Heerd der Stadt enthält, das Stadthaus, in welchem, wie in Athen, die jedesmaligen Prytanen speis'ten, und man sowohl auswärtige Gesandte, als um den Staat vorzüglich verdiente Bürger auf Staatskosten ehrenhalber bewirthete; δειπνεῖν ἐν πρυτανείῳ, Ar. Pax 1050; σίτησιν ἐν πρυτανείῳ λαμβάνειν, Ran. 763; ἐν πρυτανείῳ σιτεῖσϑαι, Plat. Apol. 36 d; vgl. Dem. 19, 234. 50, 13; es war der Hestia geweiht (dah. Pind. N. 11, 1 ἅ, τε πρυτανεῖα λέλογχας Ἑστία), der man darin ein immerwährendes, heiliges Feuer unterhielt, u. ist also in Beziehung auf den Staat das, was der Heerd in jedem einzelnen Hause ist, vgl. Her. 1, 146. 3, 57. 6, 103. 7, 197 (s. auch ϑόλος); u. vgl. Thuc. 2, 15, der vom Theseus sagt καταλύσας τῶν ἄλλων πόλεων τά τε βουλευτήρια καὶ τὰς ἀρχὰς ἐς τὴν νῠν πόλιν οὖσαν ἓν βουλευτήριον ἀποδείξας καὶ πρυτανεῖον ξυνῴκισε πάντας. – In Rhodus, Pol. 15, 23, 3 u. öfter. – Dah. auch der Hauptsitz, Mittelpunkt, συνεληλυϑότες τῆς τε Ἑλλάδος εἰς αὐτὸ τὸ πρυτανεῖον τῆς σοφίας, von Athen gesagt, Plat. Prot. 337 d. – 2) In Athen hieß ein Gerichtshof τὸ ἐπὶ πρυτανείῳ δικαστήριον, Dem. 23, 76; dah. οἱ ἐκ πρυτανείου καταδικασϑέντες, Plut. Salon 19. – 3) τὰ πρ υτανεῖα, eine gewisse Geldsumme, welche Kläger u. Beklagte vor Anfang des Processes bei dem betreffenden Gerichtshofe niederlegen mußten, das sacramentum der Römer; wer den Proceß verlor, ging nicht bloß seines Geldes verlustig, sondern mußte auch dem gewinnenden Theile das seinige ersetzen. Bei solchen Processen, die auf 100 bis 1000 Drachmen geschätzt waren, betrug es 3 Drachmen für jeden Theil, bei einer Sache von 1001 dis 10, 000 Drachmen 30 u. s. f., vgl. Dem. 43, 71 im Gesetz. Hsrpocr. u. Böckh's Staatshaush. I p. 369; dah. τιϑέναι πρυτανεῖά τινι, so viel wie Einen anklagen, ϑείς μοι πρυτανεῖ' ἀπ ολεῖν μέ φησι, Ar. Nub. 1120. 1162, u. οὐ δέχονται τῇ νουμηνίᾳ ἀρχαὶ τὰ πρυτανεῖα, sie nehmen die Klage nicht an, 1179; vgl. noch 1181. 1236 Vesp. 659; Dem. 47, 64.

    Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > πρυτανεῖον

  • 18 ἀπ-αρχή

    ἀπ-αρχή, ἡ (vgl. Buttm. Lexil. I p. 100), das Darbringen u. Opfern der Erstlinge, ἀπαρχὰς ϑύειν Ar. Ran. 1239; ϑεοῖς ἀπαρχὰς παρέχειν Xen. Oec. 5, 10; Erstlingsgabe, τῶν πατρίων χρημάτων Her. 1, 92; τῶν ὡραίων Thuc. 3, 58; als Tribut, 6, 20; ἀπαρχὴν τῶν ἐκ τῆς γῆς ἀποτελοῦσιν Plat. Legg. VII, 806 d; λείας Soph. Tr. 758; σκυλευμάτων Eur. Phoen. 864; öfter im plur., ἀπαρχὰς σίτου ἀποπέμπειν Isocr. 4, 31; übertr., ἀπαρχὴν τῆς σοφίας ἀνέϑεσαν τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι Plat. Prot. 343 a; προσφϑεγμάτων ἀπ. Eur. Ion. 402; Sp.; ἀπ. ἀπὸ φιλοσοφίας Plut.; vgl. Her. 4, 88. – Beim Opfer sind ἀπαρχαί die Stirnhaare u. die äußersten Gliedmaßen, welche zuerst abgeschnitten u. verbrannt wurden. – Uebh. Anfang, γένους; aber ἀπαρχαὶ λόγων Proben aus Reden, Sp.

    Griechisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > ἀπ-αρχή

  • 19 θησαυρος

        ὅ
        1) клад, сокровище, ценность
        

    (θησαυρὸν εὑρεῖν Arst.; θησαυροὺς ἀνορύττειν Luc.; θησαυροὴ τῆς σοφίας καὴ τῆς γνώσεως NT.)

        θ. χθονός Aesch. — сокровища недр ( о серебряных рудниках горы Λαύριον или Λαύρειον в южн. Аттике);
        θ. γλώσσης φειδωλῆς Hes. — сокровище сдержанности в речах;
        θ. ὕμνων Pind. — драгоценные песнопения;
        ὅ νέκυς, οἰωνοῖς γλυκὺς θ. Soph. — мертвец, радостная находка для хищных птиц

        2) хранилище, сокровищница
        

    (χρημάτων Her.)

        χρήματα φυλασσόμενα ἐν θησαυροῖσι καταγαίοισι Her. — ценности, хранимые в подземных сокровищницах;
        θ. βελέεσσιν Aesch. — хранилище стрел, т.е. колчан;
        θ. χρημάτων καὴ τιμῶν Plat. — сокровищница богатств и почестей

        3) множество, куча
        

    (κακῶν Eur.)

    Древнегреческо-русский словарь > θησαυρος

  • 20 μονοπώλιο(ν)

    τό
    1) е разя. знач монополия;

    κρατικό μονοπώλιο(ν) — государственная монополия;

    τα ξένα μονοπώλια — иностранные монополии;

    τό μονοπώλιο(ν) τού εξωτερικού εμπορίου — монополия внешней торговли;

    2) перен. монопольное право (на что-л.);

    έχει το μονοπώλιο(ν) της φιλοπατρίας; — он считает только себя настоящим патриотом;

    έχει το μονοπώλιο(ν) της σοφίας — он считает себя единственным мудрецом

    Νέα ελληνική-Ρωσικά λεξικό > μονοπώλιο(ν)

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